WK3 TYPES OF RESEARCH METHODS Flashcards
What is Naturalistic Observation?
Observing people in their natural habitats and recording their behaviors as they naturally interact.
What are the advantages of Naturalistic Observation?
Most realistic and accurate setting; observing ‘real’ situations.
What are the disadvantages of Naturalistic Observation?
Presence of the observer may impact results, observer’s bias, no controls, and cannot replicate results.
Can you provide an example of Naturalistic Observation?
Jane Goodall’s study of chimpanzees in their natural habitat in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania.
Jane Goodall’s research greatly improved our understanding of chimpanzee behavior.
What is a Case Study?
A detailed in-depth study of one individual to gain knowledge about a behavior or condition.
What are the advantages of a Case Study?
Very realistic, natural, detailed, and great for rare/special cases.
What are the disadvantages of a Case Study?
Cannot generalize results due to sample size of one; individual cases may be atypical.
What are Surveys or Questionnaires?
Research methods relying on asking people direct questions about their thoughts, feelings, and actions.
What are the advantages of Surveys or Questionnaires?
Convenient, many participants assessed simultaneously, inexpensive, and can generalize results.
What are the disadvantages of Surveys or Questionnaires?
Leading questions, dishonesty, and difficulty in finding a representative sample.
What is the difference between Sample and Population in surveys?
Sample refers to the people completing the survey, while Population is the entire group of individuals of interest.
What is a Representative Sample?
A sample that accurately represents the population it was taken from.
What are Correlational and Experimental Methods?
Correlational Method examines relations between variables, while Experiment looks for causal relationships by manipulating variables.
