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Tjed How To Mentor > Wk1 > Flashcards

Wk1 Flashcards

1
Q

Alexander the Great

A

-Greek ruler
-350 BC
-Conquered most of the ancient worlds even all the way to India
-tutored by Aristotle
-est Alexandria, Egypt
-said to have loosed the Gordian knot

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2
Q

Atilla the Hun

A

-430 AD
-Conquered many parts of Central and Eastern Europe
-cruel destructive

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3
Q

Augustus Caesar

A

-reign 44BC-14AD during Christ’s time
-first emperor of Rome
-adopted son of Julius Caesar
-era of peace and prosperity. Considered a golden age of Romen empire
-month of August named after him
- Augustan age - when a nation is at it’s height of literature and art

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4
Q

Aztecs

A

-1200s-1600s AD
- Mexico native people
- Conquered by the Spanish

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5
Q

Babylon

A

-ancient Mesopotamia
-known for hanging gardens
-sensual lifestyle of it’s people
-Jews taken captive into Babylon in 600s BC

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6
Q

Francis Bacon

A

-1560-1620AD
-English author, scientist, politician
- leader during Renaissance in England

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7
Q

Black Death

A

-1340-1350AD
-BUBONIC PLAGUE

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8
Q

Anne Boleyn

A

-1533
-2nd wife of Henry the VIII
- accused of adultery and beheaded

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9
Q

Bread and Circuses

A
  • a term for government policies that seek short-term solutions to public unrest
  • coined by Roman writer to describe declining heroism in the populace “two things only the people anxiously desire - bread and circuses”
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10
Q

Bronze Age

A

4000BC

-before Iron Age
-bronze used for tools
-wheel and plow invented

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11
Q

Byzantine Empire

A

-330-1400s AD
-STARTED AS AN EASTERN PORTION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
-when Western Rome declined it rose in power
-Capital Constantinople now known as Istanbul
-conquered by Ottoman empire

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12
Q

Caesar

A

-family name of Julius Caesar and the next 11 rulers of Rome
- root for the German Kaiser and Russian Czar

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13
Q

Caligula

A

-37AD-41AD

-cruel and insane Roman emperor
-one of the 12 Caesars
- appointed a horse to the Senate to humiliate his other senators

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14
Q

Carthage

A

-ancient city in N Africa
-est by Phoenician traders
-commercial and political rival of Rome during 400-200BC
-Hannibal (Carthaginian) attempted to capture Rome

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15
Q

Cato

A

-Roman senator
- declared Carthage a permanent enemy to the Roman empire
- famously ended all of his speeches in the Roman Senate with the words “Carthage must be destroyed”

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16
Q

Charlemagne

A

-800 AD
- WAS THE KING OF FRANCE CROWNED FIRST EMPEROR OF THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE.

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17
Q

Chivalry

A

-training and standards of behavior for knights
-bravery, military skill, generosity, piety, courtesy to women

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18
Q

Cleopatra

A

-69BC-30BC
-Queen of Egypt
-lived for some time in Rome with Julius Caesar
-then lived in Egypt with Roman politician Mark Antony
-Romeo and Juliet situation

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19
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

-1492 AD
-funded by Spain hope to find a trade passage to India. Instead found North America
-also visited the Caribbean islands

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20
Q

Constantinople

A

-founded by Constantine the Great Roman emperor
-was the capital of the Eastern part of the Roman empire
-now Istanbul, Turkey

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21
Q

Nicolaus Copernicus

A

-1500s AD
-THEORIZED THAT THE EARTH REVOLVED AROUND THE SUN

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22
Q

The Crusades

A

-1000s-1200s
- European Kings and warriors set out to control the holy Land
-Conquered Jerusalem in 1099 but we’re driven out by late 1200s

-exposed Europeans to the goods technology and customs of Asia
-lasting legacy of bitterness against the Europeans / Christians among Muslims
-

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23
Q

Dark ages

A

-400s-1300sAD
- prevailing ignorance and barbarism of the time

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24
Q

Fall of Rome

A

476AD

-PLUNDERING OF THE CITY OF ROME BY INVADING VANDALS

-abdication by the last Roman emperor Romulus Augustulus

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25
Q

Feudalism

A

Middle Ages 800s-1400s

  • King owns all the land
    -King gives leading nobles land in return for their loyalty and military service
    -nobles allowed peasants and surfs to farm the land in return for a portion of their produce

-under feudalism people were born with a permanent position in society no upward movement

Root of futile?

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26
Q

Genghis Khan

A

1160-1230AD
-Mongolian general and emperor
-Concord fast portions of Northern China and southwestern Asia
-known for cruelty

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27
Q

Guilds

A

Middle Ages 800s-1400s
-groups of similar artisans that sought to regulate the price and quality of their products
- guilds continued into the 1700s
-guilds were precursor to trade unions

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28
Q

Johannes Gutenberg

A

-1440AD
- Inventor PRINTING PRESS
-Gutenberg Bible first book printed

29
Q

Hammurabi

A

-1790-1750BC

-BABALONIAN KING
-known for putting the laws of his country into a formal code

30
Q

Hannibal

A

-218 BC sparked the second Punic war
-took an army of 100k including elephants from Spain into Italy crossing the Alps
-still regarded as one of the greatest military movements in history
-was not able to conquer Rome but did have several victories along the way

31
Q

Henry VIII

A

1509AD

-established himself as head of Church of England instead of the Pope after the Pope refused to let him divorce Catherine of Aragon
-since then England has been officially a Protestant nation
-also executed his close friend Thomas Moore because he didn’t support Henry making himself head of the the Church
-6 wives
Div-Catherine of Aragon
B-Anne Boleyn
Died-Jane Seymour
Div-Anne of Cleves
B-Catherine Howard
Sur-Catherine Parr

32
Q

Hundred Years’ War

A

1350-1450AD
-Kings of England tried to capture the French throne. Towards the end of the war Joan of Arc drove them out

33
Q

Ides of March

A

March 14, 44BC

DAY THAT JULIUS CAESAR WAS ASSASSINATED

34
Q

Incas

A

1200s-1550AD

-native peoples in Cusco, Peru
-conquered by the Spaniards, Francisco Pizarro

35
Q

Inquisition

A

-1250ad
-court established by the Catholic Church to try cases of heresy
-very active in Spain
-used torture and all manner of means to elicit “ confessions”
-continued in Spain until the 1800s

36
Q

Joan of Arc

A

-1450ad

-17-year-old French military leader
-thought against the English during the hundred years of war
-claims to have heard God speak to her
-was convicted of heresy and burned at the stake
-is now a saint of the Catholic Church

37
Q

Magna Carta

A

1215AD

-signed by King John of England under pressure from the nobles
-a list of rights and privileges
-King could not levy taxes without consent of parliament
-no Freeman could be deprived of liberty or property except through trial or legal processes

38
Q

Mayas

A

-750 BC- 1600s AD

  • generally came before Aztecs
    -native peoples of Mexico and Central America
    -known for their astronomical observations, accurate calendars, sophisticated hieroglyphics, and pyramids
39
Q

Medici

A

-1400s-1600s The Renaissance
-Italian family of skilled politicians and patrons of the arts
-Florence Italy
-produced two queens of France

40
Q

Medieval

A

-late 400s-late 1400s AD
Known as middle ages

-The term may now be use describing outdated ideas or customs, inhuman practices

41
Q

Middle Ages

A

-late 400s to late 1400s AD

-begins with the fall of Rome ends with the Renaissance
-sometimes called the dark Ages
-

42
Q

Thomas More

A

1500AD

-ENGLISH STATESMAN AND SCHOLAR
-author of Utopia
-Saint in Catholic Church
-a close friend of Henry VIII who was beheaded because he refused to acknowledge Henry as self-appointed head of the Church of England

43
Q

Nero

A

60AD

-cruel
-persecuted Christians. Is said to have put Peter and Paul to death
-blamed Christians for setting fire to Rome but legend says he set the fire himself
- was said to “ fiddling while Rome burns” indifferent to catastrophe

44
Q

Pax Romana

A

Latin

The peace enforced by ancient Rome

45
Q

Pericles

A

400BC

Greek statesman who tried to unite the country under the leadership of his own city Athens
-promoted democracy
-his rule is known as the Golden Age of Greece
-Parthenon built

46
Q

The Reformation

A

1500s

-an attempt to reform the Catholic Church but resulted in founding Protestant churches
-leaders: Martin Luther, John Calvin, John Knox
-established in England after Henry VIII declared himself head of the church of England

47
Q

Renaissance

A

1400s-1650sAD

-cultural rebirth in Europe based on the discovery of literature of Greece and Rome

-America discovered
-Reformation began
-Major figures: Galileo, Shakespeare, DaVinci, Michelangelo

48
Q

Roman empire

A

753BC-450AD

-legend of Remus and Romulus
-ruled by Kings until around 500 BC when Roman Republic was established
-centralized government, massive public works roads, aqueducts

49
Q

War of the Roses

A

-1450 to 1480s AD
-House of Lancaster and House of York
-House of Lancaster won
- Henry Tudor ( Henry VII father of Henry VIII) became King

50
Q

Rosetta Stone

A

1799AD
-discovered in Egypt with both ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics and the Greek translation
-The key to understanding Egyptian hieroglyphics

51
Q

Rubicon

A

-river in Northern Italy that Julius Caesar crossed with his army in violation of orders from leaders of Rome
-civil war followed, Caesar won
-“The die is cast”

-The expression “Crossing the Rubicon” means taking a dangerous irreversible step

52
Q

Serf

A

Feudalism
A peasant bound to his Lord’s land and subject to his will but entitled to his protection

53
Q

Spanish Inquisition

A

See Inquisition
Lasted longer here than other places in Europe

54
Q

1066

A

Norman conquest of England
-William the conqueror of Normandy, France, defeated forces of England and declared himself King

55
Q

William the conqueror

A

1066AD

Norman conquest of England
-William the conqueror of Normandy, France, defeated forces of England and declared himself King

56
Q

Trojan war

A

1200 BC

  • thought between mainland Greece and outlying regions in what is now the Turkey
57
Q

Vikings

A

800-1000AD

-Raided much of coastal Europe
-explored, sailed
-discovered and settled areas such as Iceland Greenland Canada

58
Q

Frothy

A

-massive small bubbles
-light and entertaining but of no substance

59
Q

Vapid

A

-not stimulating or challenging

60
Q

Pervade

A

-(smell) spread through and be perceived in every part of

61
Q

Irksome

A

Irritating, annoying

62
Q

Capillary attraction

A
  • tendency of liquid in a thin tube to rise higher than surrounding liquid
63
Q

Irreducible

A

-not able to be reduced or simplified
-not able to be brought to a certain form or condition

64
Q

Auspices

A

-sponsorship, patronage

65
Q

Educative

A

-intended to educate or enlighten, educational

66
Q

Bootstraps

A

-loop at the back of a boot
-get yourself out of a situation with what you have

67
Q

Pretense

A

-attempt to make something that is not the case appear true
-false or ambitious claim

68
Q

Palatable

A
  • food pleasant to taste
    -action acceptable or satisfactory
69
Q

Buncombe

A

Unacceptable behavior
Ludicrously false statements
Hogwash drivel garbage

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