Wk 8: Learning & Memory Flashcards
Habituation
Reaction to stimulus becomes weaker after repeated exposure - due to reduction of calcium mobility; less neurotransmitter release
Sensitization
Reaction to stimulus becoming heightened due to past encounters - ie electric shock will make responses to other stimulus heightened also. Linked to increased mobility of calcium in terminal buttons.
Classical Conditioning
Pairing of an conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned response. Modifies synapse so that unconditioned response is triggered by a previously unrelated stimulus
Instrumental Conditioning (Operant)
Regarding structural changes in sensory neurons, habituation results in ____ with the motor neuron, and sensitization results in ____ with the motor neuron
A decreased number of synapses; an increased number of synapses
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is typically induced by
High-intensity high-frequency stimulation of the presynaptic neuron
REceptors for which following neurotransmitter substances are essential for longterm potentiation;
Glutamate
Another term for ‘knowing that’ memory would be
Declarative memory
Which lobe plays an important role in short term memory or temporary memory
Frontal Lobes
Which area is most likely to play a role in novel visual object recognition
Parahippocampal region
In recent studies the hippocampus has been implication in memory for which of the following:
faces, objects, places, words
Places
Strong evidence that the Aplysia gill-withdrawal reflex circuit is capable of associative conditioning comes from studies of;
Discriminated Pavlovian Conditioning
In classical conditioning, which food (or reward) is first presented to the animal, it acts as what?
An unconditioned stimulus
A synapse that is “strengthened” as a result of reverberatory activity or learning is often called?
A Hebbian Synapse
Which of the following structures is not part of the Yakovlev Circuit?
Amygdala, Dorsomedial Thalamus, Orbitofrontal Cortex, Ventral Striatum
Ventral Striatum
