Wk 5 Diuretics

Question 1

Discuss the mechanism of action of

loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, and potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 1

loop diuretics
- Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending limb of the LOH

thiazide diuretics
- Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the proximal (diluting) segment of the distal convoluted tubule

potassium-sparing diuretics

• weak diuretics
• increased excretion of sodium and water, decreased excretion of potassium

Question 2

Give representative examples from each group, discuss their major side effects and describe their actions on potassium and sodium excretion

Answer 2

loop diuretics

• frusemide
• AEs: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, polyuria

thiazide diuretics

• hydrochlorothiazide
• AEs: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia

potassium-sparing diuretics

• spironolactone, amiloride
• hyperkalemia