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BI231 Wk 3 Ch 6 > Wk 3 Ch 6 > Flashcards

Wk 3 Ch 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the integumentary system consist of?

A

Hair, skin, nails

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2
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis?

A

Corneum, lucidum (thick skin only), granulosum, spinosum, basale

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3
Q

What cells are in the stratum basale layer?

A

Stem cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes, and tactile cells

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4
Q

What cells are in the stratum spinosum layer?

A

Keratinocytes and dendritic cells

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5
Q

What cells are in the stratum granulosum layer?

A

Keratinocytes and dendritic cells

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6
Q

What cells are in the stratum lucidum layer?

A

Keratinocytes

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7
Q

What cells are in the stratum corneum layer?

A

Flattened, dead keratinocytes

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8
Q

Stem cells

A

Undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into different cell types

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9
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Epithelial cells that produce keratin

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10
Q

Melanocytes

A

Pigment producing cell

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11
Q

Tactile (Merkel) cells

A

Cell in the stratum basale layer that detects touch and pressure

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12
Q

Dendritic (Langerhans) cells

A

Immune cell in the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum

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13
Q

What is the role/functions of a keratinocyte?

A

Keratin production, skin renewal, immune function, pigment distribution, vitamin D synthesis

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14
Q

What is the role/function of a stem cell?

A

Maintain and replenish the epidermis

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15
Q

What is the role/functions of a melanonocyte?

A

UV protection, skin coloration, vitamin D synthesis, camouflage, wound healing

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16
Q

What is a tactile disc?

A

Tactile cell structure that is formed when met with a nerve ending

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17
Q

What are the two layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary and reticular

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18
Q

What does the papillary layer contain?

A

Blood vessels, areolar tissue, dermal papillae, tactile corpuscle (Meissner’s corpuscle)

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19
Q

What does the reticular layer contain?

A

Dense irregular connective tissue, lamellar corpuscle (Pacinian corpuscle)

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20
Q

What does the dermis contain?

A

Blood vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, dense irregular connective tissue

21
Q

Dermal papillae

A

Fingerlike extensions of the papillary layer that project into the epidermis

22
Q

What is the function of dermal papillae?

A

Anchor epidermis to the dermis

23
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A

Protection, barrier, vitamin D synthesis, sensory, thermoregulation, nonverbal communication

24
Q

Hair follicle

A

Tube in the skin that contains the hair root

25
Q

Hair root

A

Portion of hair that is beneath the skin surface

26
Q

Hair shaft

A

Portion of hair the extends above the skin

27
Q

Hair bulb

A

Dilation at the base of the hair root

28
Q

Hair root plexus

A

Network of blood vessels surrounding the base of the hair follicle

29
Q

Free nerve endings

A

Bare nerve endings that are not encapsulated; detects and transmits sensation

30
Q

Epidermal ridges

A

Downward waves/indentations between dermal papillae

31
Q

What is the relationship between dermal papillae, epidermal ridges, and fingerprints?

A

Fingerprints are a bunch of wavy indentations in the skin. The upward waves are the dermal papillae and the downward indentations are the epidermal ridge

32
Q

Tactile corpuscle (Meissner’s corpuscle)

A

Touch receptor in the papillary layer

33
Q

Lamellar corpuscle (Pacinian corpuscle)

A

Sensory receptor that detects pressure and vibration; layered, onion-like structure

34
Q
A

1 - Hair shaft
2 - Epidermis
3 - Dermis
4 - Hair bulb
5 - Hypodermis
6 - Eccrine sweat gland
7 - Pacinian corpuscle
8 - Hair root plexus
9 - Arrector pili muscle
10 - Hair follicle
11 - Sebaceous gland
12 - Hair root
13 - Adipose tissue

35
Q

What are the 3 hair phases?

A

Anagen, catagen, telogen

36
Q

What occurs during the anagen hair phase?

A

Growth phase; lasts 6-8 years

37
Q

What occurs during the catagen hair phase?

A

Cell division ceases and the hair stops growing; lasts 2-3 weeks

38
Q

What occurs during the telogen hair phase?

A

Resting phase while hair follicle prepares to restart the catagen phase; lasts 1-3 months

39
Q

Arrector pili muscle

A

Muscle that causes hair to stand on end in response to stimuli; “goosebumps”

40
Q

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat gland

A

Widespread gland that helps in thermoregulation by producing sweat

41
Q

Apocrine sweat gland

A

Gland in specific parts of the body that functions as scent glands

42
Q

What is the function of sebum?

A

Keeps the hair and skin from becoming dry, brittle, and cracked

43
Q

Where are apocrine sweat glands found?

A

Groin, anal region, axillary (armpit) region, beard (mature males)

44
Q

What structure is this and what cells make up this?

A
  1. Eccrine gland
  2. Stratified cuboidal epithelium
45
Q

What structure is present?

A

Meissners corpuscle

46
Q

What structure is present?

A

Pacinian corpuscle

47
Q

What structures are present?

A

Hair shaft, hair follicle, sebaceous gland

48
Q

Sebaceous gland

A

Gland that is attached to a hair follicle and releases sebum

BI231 Wk 3 Ch 6 (1 decks)

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