Wk 3 Ch 6

Question 1

What does the integumentary system consist of?

Answer 1

Hair, skin, nails

Question 2

What are the layers of the epidermis?

Answer 2

Corneum, lucidum (thick skin only), granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 3

What cells are in the stratum basale layer?

Answer 3

Stem cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes, and tactile cells

Question 4

What cells are in the stratum spinosum layer?

Answer 4

Keratinocytes and dendritic cells

Question 5

What cells are in the stratum granulosum layer?

Answer 5

Keratinocytes and dendritic cells

Question 6

What cells are in the stratum lucidum layer?

Answer 6

Keratinocytes

Question 7

What cells are in the stratum corneum layer?

Answer 7

Flattened, dead keratinocytes

Question 8

Stem cells

Answer 8

Undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into different cell types

Question 9

Keratinocytes

Answer 9

Epithelial cells that produce keratin

Question 10

Melanocytes

Answer 10

Pigment producing cell

Question 11

Tactile (Merkel) cells

Answer 11

Cell in the stratum basale layer that detects touch and pressure

Question 12

Dendritic (Langerhans) cells

Answer 12

Immune cell in the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum

Question 13

What is the role/functions of a keratinocyte?

Answer 13

Keratin production, skin renewal, immune function, pigment distribution, vitamin D synthesis

Question 14

What is the role/function of a stem cell?

Answer 14

Maintain and replenish the epidermis

Question 15

What is the role/functions of a melanonocyte?

Answer 15

UV protection, skin coloration, vitamin D synthesis, camouflage, wound healing

Question 16

What is a tactile disc?

Answer 16

Tactile cell structure that is formed when met with a nerve ending

Question 17

What are the two layers of the dermis?

Answer 17

Papillary and reticular

Question 18

What does the papillary layer contain?

Answer 18

Blood vessels, areolar tissue, dermal papillae, tactile corpuscle (Meissner’s corpuscle)

Question 19

What does the reticular layer contain?

Answer 19

Dense irregular connective tissue, lamellar corpuscle (Pacinian corpuscle)

Question 20

What does the dermis contain?

Answer 20

Blood vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, dense irregular connective tissue

Question 21

Dermal papillae

Answer 21

Fingerlike extensions of the papillary layer that project into the epidermis

Question 22

What is the function of dermal papillae?

Answer 22

Anchor epidermis to the dermis

Question 23

What are the functions of the skin?

Answer 23

Protection, barrier, vitamin D synthesis, sensory, thermoregulation, nonverbal communication

Question 24

Hair follicle

Answer 24

Tube in the skin that contains the hair root

Question 25

Hair root

Answer 25

Portion of hair that is beneath the skin surface

Question 26

Hair shaft

Answer 26

Portion of hair the extends above the skin

Question 27

Hair bulb

Answer 27

Dilation at the base of the hair root

Question 28

Hair root plexus

Answer 28

Network of blood vessels surrounding the base of the hair follicle

Question 29

Free nerve endings

Answer 29

Bare nerve endings that are not encapsulated; detects and transmits sensation

Question 30

Epidermal ridges

Answer 30

Downward waves/indentations between dermal papillae

Question 31

What is the relationship between dermal papillae, epidermal ridges, and fingerprints?

Answer 31

Fingerprints are a bunch of wavy indentations in the skin. The upward waves are the dermal papillae and the downward indentations are the epidermal ridge

Question 32

Tactile corpuscle (Meissner's corpuscle)

Answer 32

Touch receptor in the papillary layer

Question 33

Lamellar corpuscle (Pacinian corpuscle)

Answer 33

Sensory receptor that detects pressure and vibration; layered, onion-like structure

Question 34

Answer 34

1 - Hair shaft 2 - Epidermis 3 - Dermis 4 - Hair bulb 5 - Hypodermis 6 - Eccrine sweat gland 7 - Pacinian corpuscle 8 - Hair root plexus 9 - Arrector pili muscle 10 - Hair follicle 11 - Sebaceous gland 12 - Hair root 13 - Adipose tissue

Question 35

What are the 3 hair phases?

Answer 35

Anagen, catagen, telogen

Question 36

What occurs during the anagen hair phase?

Answer 36

Growth phase; lasts 6-8 years

Question 37

What occurs during the catagen hair phase?

Answer 37

Cell division ceases and the hair stops growing; lasts 2-3 weeks

Question 38

What occurs during the telogen hair phase?

Answer 38

Resting phase while hair follicle prepares to restart the catagen phase; lasts 1-3 months

Question 39

Arrector pili muscle

Answer 39

Muscle that causes hair to stand on end in response to stimuli; "goosebumps"

Question 40

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat gland

Answer 40

Widespread gland that helps in thermoregulation by producing sweat

Question 41

Apocrine sweat gland

Answer 41

Gland in specific parts of the body that functions as scent glands

Question 42

What is the function of sebum?

Answer 42

Keeps the hair and skin from becoming dry, brittle, and cracked

Question 43

Where are apocrine sweat glands found?

Answer 43

Groin, anal region, axillary (armpit) region, beard (mature males)

Question 44

What structure is this and what cells make up this?

Answer 44

1. Eccrine gland 2. Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 45

What structure is present?

Answer 45

Meissners corpuscle

Question 46

What structure is present?

Answer 46

Pacinian corpuscle

Question 47

What structures are present?

Answer 47

Hair shaft, hair follicle, sebaceous gland

Question 48

Sebaceous gland

Answer 48

Gland that is attached to a hair follicle and releases sebum