Wk 10 Flashcards
Measurement:
act of assessing
Evaluation:
your statement/opinion on what has been assessed
To optimise training stress you need to … (2)
quantify training stress and the associated physiological responses (subjective and objective)
Subjective methods of quantifying training response include…
perception of training, tiredness, sleep quality, etc.
Objective methods of quantifying training response include…
Mean HR, maximal power, distance measured
Internal load measures…
Physiological stress (heart rate, RPE)
External load measures…
physical output (speed, distance, etc)
External load: contemporary time-motion analysis methods include…
pedometers,
Pedometers measure steps by…
recording each time the force sensitivity threshold exceeds vertical acceleration
Can pedometers account for change in direction?
No
The reliability and validity of pedometers is…
questionable (varies)
Accelerometers works by…
summing acceleration from three different planes of movement (triaxial)
The reliability and validity of accelerometers …
Varies tremendously (questionable)
GPS works by…
a series of satellites that send continuous signals to GPS receivers which then calculate the distance to the satellites to provide information on distance and speed
Most GPS units also contain inertial sensors (gyroscopes, accelerometers, etc) that monitor information such as….
collision, jumps, impact, etc.
GPS common outcome measures are (3)?
1) Work rate (e.g. meters/min etc)
2) Load and accumulated mechanical stress (e.g. metabolic power)
3) Position specific data or player characteristics
The reliability and validity of GPS depends on…
- Number of satellites connected
- Changing units and vest size
- Higher speed (Hz level)
- Validity of load markers
- Environment (cloud cover)
Factors to consider with GPS application in the real world? (3)
- Decide which variables are relevant for your needs
- How relevant are these variable to the success of the team
- Are these for injury prevention (overload) or sport performance.
Power meters measure
speed, power, acceleration, cadence, etc
The equation to determine load is…
Load = no. of sets x no. of reps x weight lifted
____ ____ is the training process that requires effectively planned, monitored and manipulated load to promote adaptation and improve fitness whilst minimising fatigue
external load
What athletes ‘do’ is classed as…
external load
The second method of calculating volume load =
load = sets x reps x %1RM (RPE)
Optical-based tracking system (using 2 cameras) benefits include…
- non invasive (dont wear anything)
- commonly used in football/soccer
- High sampling rate (can even track ball)
Optical-based tracking system (using 2 cameras) limitations include…
- limited number of measurements
- tracking occlusions require manual corrections
- installation time
- expensive
- permanent camera set up
- 2D plane movements measure (no jumps)
- error rates increase with velocity
Local positioning system vs GPS
local positioning system does not have to go up into satellite like GPS does (hence ‘local’)
Benefits of local positioning system…
- High number of measurements possible
- Accuracy of measured data in real time
- ultra wide band technology reduces chances of interference and transmission path
Limitations of local positioning system…
- fixed installation
- expensive
- installation time
- error rates increase with velocity
- permanent set up
GPS/GNSS satellite system benefits…
- High number of measurements possible
- short installation time
- Operator not needed
GPS/GNSS satellite system limitations…
- device attached to player and device size
- satellite signal line of sight in stadium
- Accuracy concerns of measured data
- error increases with velocity
- units not interchangeable
- cant track ball
- cloud cover / location and interference (roof/wall)
- > 10Hz likely required for professionals
- need software
The basic elements the GPS measures include… (4)?
- Distance (how far?)
- Duration (how long?)
- Velocity (how fast, how many times, average speed)
- Acceleration (how many)
How do you calculate the Z score?
Z score = current score - average score / SD
