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Bio 101 > Wiz > Flashcards

Wiz Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four main types of biomolecules?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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2
Q

True or False: Enzymes are a type of carbohydrate.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The building blocks of proteins are called __________.

A

amino acids

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4
Q

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in cells?

A

To provide energy and structural support.

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5
Q

Which biomolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

A

Nucleic acids

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6
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids? A) Energy storage B) Insulation C) Catalysis D) Cell membrane structure

A

C) Catalysis

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7
Q

What type of bond joins amino acids together?

A

Peptide bond

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8
Q

True or False: All proteins are enzymes.

A

False

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9
Q

What are the two main types of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of converting glucose into energy in cells is called __________.

A

cellular respiration

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11
Q

Which biomolecule is composed of fatty acids and glycerol?

A

Lipids

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12
Q

What is the primary structure of proteins determined by?

A

The sequence of amino acids.

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13
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a monosaccharide? A) Sucrose B) Glucose C) Starch D) Cellulose

A

B) Glucose

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14
Q

True or False: DNA is single-stranded.

A

False

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15
Q

What is the role of ATP in cells?

A

To provide energy for cellular processes.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ structure of a protein refers to its three-dimensional shape.

A

tertiary

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17
Q

What are enzymes primarily made of?

A

Proteins

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18
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids? A) Soluble in water B) Insoluble in water C) Made of amino acids D) Polymer of nucleotides

A

B) Insoluble in water

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19
Q

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

A

To synthesize proteins.

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20
Q

True or False: Carbohydrates can serve as signaling molecules.

A

True

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ model describes the structure of the cell membrane.

A

fluid mosaic

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22
Q

What type of reaction forms polymers from monomers?

A

Dehydration synthesis

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23
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide? A) Fructose B) Lactose C) Glucose D) Glycogen

A

B) Lactose

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24
Q

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

A

To synthesize new DNA strands during replication.

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25
Q

True or False: All nucleotides contain a phosphate group.

A

True

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26
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the basic unit of life.

A

cell

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27
Q

What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

A

To maintain membrane fluidity.

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28
Q

Multiple Choice: Which biomolecule is primarily involved in immune responses? A) Carbohydrates B) Lipids C) Proteins D) Nucleic acids

A

C) Proteins

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29
Q

Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?

A

mRNA

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30
Q

True or False: The secondary structure of proteins includes alpha helices and beta sheets.

A

True

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31
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ of a protein is determined by its amino acid sequence.

A

primary structure

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32
Q

What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

A

To bring amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

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33
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of proteins? A) Energy storage B) Structural support C) Catalysis D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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34
Q

What is the main component of the cell membrane?

A

Phospholipids

35
Q

True or False: Glycogen is a form of energy storage in plants.

A

False

36
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the site of cellular respiration.

A

mitochondria

37
Q

What type of bond forms between the nitrogenous bases of DNA?

A

Hydrogen bond

38
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes? A) They are consumed in reactions B) They increase the activation energy C) They are specific to substrates D) They work at any temperature

A

C) They are specific to substrates

39
Q

What is the term for the sequence of nucleotides in DNA?

A

Genetic code

40
Q

True or False: Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules.

A

True

41
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of protein synthesis is called __________.

A

translation

42
Q

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

A

To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids.

43
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids? A) Store genetic information B) Provide energy C) Catalyze biochemical reactions D) Structural support

A

A) Store genetic information

44
Q

What is the key difference between DNA and RNA?

A

DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded.

45
Q

True or False: Lipids are soluble in water.

A

False

46
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the powerhouse of the cell.

A

mitochondria

47
Q

What type of biomolecule are enzymes classified as?

A

Proteins

48
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a polysaccharide? A) Glucose B) Fructose C) Cellulose D) Sucrose

A

C) Cellulose

49
Q

What is the function of the lysosome?

A

To digest and break down waste materials and cellular debris.

50
Q

True or False: All cells have a nucleus.

A

False

51
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a semi-permeable barrier surrounding the cell.

A

cell membrane

52
Q

What is the primary component of the plant cell wall?

A

Cellulose

53
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates? A) Energy source B) Structural support C) Hormone regulation D) Cell recognition

A

C) Hormone regulation

54
Q

What type of bond links nucleotides in a DNA strand?

A

Phosphodiester bond

55
Q

True or False: RNA contains thymine as one of its nitrogenous bases.

A

False

56
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ reaction is responsible for breaking down polymers into monomers.

A

hydrolysis

57
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

To synthesize and modify proteins.

58
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is considered a macromolecule? A) Water B) Glucose C) DNA D) Oxygen

A

C) DNA

59
Q

What is the primary role of chlorophyll in plants?

A

To absorb light energy for photosynthesis.

60
Q

True or False: All biomolecules are organic compounds.

A

True

61
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are the primary energy carriers in cells.

A

ATP

62
Q

What is the role of the cell membrane?

A

To protect the cell and regulate what enters and exits.

63
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of cell lacks a nucleus? A) Eukaryotic B) Prokaryotic C) Plant D) Animal

A

B) Prokaryotic

64
Q

What is the main function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

A

To form the core of the ribosome’s structure and catalyze protein synthesis.

65
Q

True or False: All proteins function as catalysts.

A

False

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.

A

chloroplast

67
Q

What is the significance of the cell cycle?

A

It regulates cell growth, DNA replication, and division.

68
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A) Protein synthesis B) Lipid synthesis C) DNA replication D) ATP production

A

B) Lipid synthesis

69
Q

What is the term for the process of converting mRNA into a protein?

A

Translation

70
Q

True or False: Phospholipids have hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.

A

True

71
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for packaging and transporting proteins.

A

Golgi apparatus

72
Q

What is the role of the cytoskeleton?

A

To provide structural support and shape to the cell.

73
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is true about prokaryotic cells? A) They have membrane-bound organelles B) They are typically larger than eukaryotic cells C) They lack a nucleus D) They contain multiple chromosomes

A

C) They lack a nucleus

74
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A

To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

75
Q

True or False: The primary structure of a protein is its three-dimensional shape.

A

False

76
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the cell responsible for energy production.

A

mitochondria

77
Q

What is the basic unit of life?

A

Cell

78
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of nucleic acids? A) They are composed of amino acids B) They store genetic information C) They are hydrophobic D) They are used for energy storage

A

B) They store genetic information

79
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane in cells?

A

To regulate what enters and exits the cell.

80
Q

True or False: Proteins can function as enzymes.

A

True

81
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are molecules that speed up chemical reactions.

A

Enzymes

82
Q

What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?

A

To provide structure and protection.

83
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? A) Enzyme activity B) Energy storage C) Cell signaling D) Structural support

A

B) Energy storage

Bio 101 (1 decks)

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