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Bordeaux > Winemaking > Flashcards

Winemaking Flashcards

1
Q

What trellising system is mostly used in BDX?

A

Guyot Double

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2
Q

How much sugar is needed to make approximately 1% ABV?

A

17 grams

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3
Q

What is Anthocyanin?

A

Phenolic pigments that give red wine its color.

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4
Q

What is Remontage?

A

French term for the process of pulling out wine from underneath the cap of grape skins and then pumping it back over the cap in order to stimulate maceration.

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5
Q

What is Vin de presse?

A

The dark, tannic wine produced from pressing the cap of grape skins.

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6
Q

How many liters does a Barrique Bordelaise hold?

A

225 L

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7
Q

How many liter does a Tonneau hold?

A

900 L

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8
Q

How many barriques equal a Tonneau

A

4

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9
Q

How many cases (of 12 bottles) does a barrique hold?

A

25

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10
Q

What is grains rôtis?

A

Grapes fully affected by botrytis

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11
Q

What is racking?

A

Moving from one barrel to another in order to aerate the wine, and get rid of residue.

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12
Q

Why is Semillon considered to be most important in Sauternes

A

It is very prone to Botrytis

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13
Q

How much does a Chopine bottle hold?

A

0,25L - 1/3-bottle

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14
Q

How much does a Demi bottle hold?

A

0,375 - 1/2-bottle

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15
Q

How much does a Magnum bottle hold?

A

1,5L - 2 bottles

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16
Q

How much does a Marie Jeanne bottle hold?

A

2,25L - 3 bottles

17
Q

How much does a Jeroboam bottle hold?

A

4,5L - 6 bottles (differs from Champagne & Bourgogne which is 4 bottles)

18
Q

How much does an Imperial bottle hold?

A

6L - 8 bottles

19
Q

How much does a Salmanazar bottle hold?

A

9L - 12 bottles

20
Q

How much does a Balthazar bottle hold?

A

12L - 16 bottles

21
Q

How much does a Nebuchadnezzar bottle hold?

A

15L - 20 bottles

22
Q

How much does a Melchior bottle hold?

A

18L -24 bottles

23
Q

Name the allowed grape varieties according to AOC Sauternes

A

Sémillion
Sauvignon
Muscadelle

24
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content of Sauternes?

A

13%

25
Q

When was cryoextraction first used in Sauternes?

A

1985

26
Q

How many hectares are planted in Sauternes

A

2.200 ha

27
Q

Which village is allowed to choose between its on name and Sauternes?

A

Barsac

28
Q

How many bottles does a Barrique Bordelaise make?

A

300 bottles (= 900 L)

29
Q

What is aldehyde and how does it affect a wine?

A

Aldehyde develops when alcohol oxidizes and creates vinegar. Too much of the common aldehyde in wine ‘acetaldehyde’ makes a wine smell like Sherry.

30
Q

How is bentonite used in wine-making - and what is it?

A

It is a fine clay type that is used as a fining agent in wine before bottling to clarify the wine.

31
Q

What is coulure? What does it do?

A

A physiological disorder in vines after periods of cold/warm and dry/wet conditions in Spring. It makes the foilage (leaves) grow while the grapes don’t develop. Then they dry up and fall off.

32
Q

What role does débourbage play in wine-making?

A

It’s when you let the skins, pips and other solids drop to the bottom of a vat of wine. Usually done before fermentation for white wines.

33
Q

What is lactic acid?

A

A common acid that develops in wine during the malolactic fermentation that transforms the harsh malic acid into the softer dairy-smelling lactic acid.

34
Q

Oxidized aromas are common notes in Sherry. What aromas does maderized wines have?

A

Reductive aromas! Reductive wines have had too little exposure to air and has dirty and sulphur-like smells.

35
Q

What is the point of saignée?

A

It means letting some of the grape must run off early in the winemaking process to concentrate the remaining crushed grapes.

Bordeaux (9 decks)

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