Winemaking Flashcards
What is the grapevine species for Niagara and Concord that has a notable ‘foxy’ aroma?
Vitis labrusca
What is the North American grapevine species that is very winter hardy and great for hybrid grapes? e.g Baco Noir, Triumph d’Alsace
Vitis riparia
What is the grapevine species that is from the Southwest US and used to breed rootstock for grafting and hybridization?
Vitis rupestris
What is the grapevine species that uniquely requires pollination and is native to the Southeastern US? e.g Scuppernong
Vitis rotundifolia
Define ‘cross’
intrA-specific breeding (same species)
Define ‘hybrid’
intER-specific breeding (different species)
Define ‘clones/cultivars’
Different varieties within the same species
What is an example of an exceptionally old vineyard that has been site selected?
1) Clos Vougeot in Cotes du Nuits, Burgundy
2) Clos de la Coulée de Serrant in Savennieres, Loire Valley
Define ‘degree days’
Measurement of total heat over the course of a growing season by adding the high temperatures over 10ºC for the season.
What is considered to be the minimum degree days for viticulture? What factor can influence this?
1100; microclimates allow this number to be lower if the conditions are right
Define ‘frost-free days’
Length of the practical season.
What are some human methods to length the frost-free days?
Wind machines or heaters
Slope in a vineyard can draw cool air down just like water, settling at its lowest point. What is considered the minimum slope best o plant to prevent frost prone areas settling in your vineyard?
5%
What is the ideal relationship between water and vines?
Vines will be slightly stressed throughout the ripening cycle.
What are the 5 primary reasons vines are grated onto rootstock?
1) pests resistance
2) suitability to soil chemistry
3) drainage
4) vigour
5) growth habitat
What common rootstock is a Berlandieri x Riparia cross that is known to be adaptable and produce strong yields but is not suitable in dry soils.
S04
What rootstock the child of Riparia x Rupestris and has low-medium vigour and is suited to deep soils, good drainage and cool climates.
3309 Couderc
What is a Riperia rootstock that has low vigour, suitable to very well drained sites and needs proper fruit yield management?
Riparia Gloire de Montpellier
What is a Riparia x Rupestris cross rootstock that is suited to moist and deeper soils (e.g clay) and has moderate vigour?
Millardet and de Grasset 101-14
What rootstock works well in acidic soils?
Gravesac
What rootstock is lime tolerant?
140 Ruggeri
What rootstock is good for low vigour varieties?
Kober 5BB
In the eyes of a viticulturist, when does the grow cycle begin?
As soon as the grapes are off the vine.
When does pruning of he canes happen?
Over the winter