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WSET2 Grapes > Wine Profiles > Flashcards

Wine Profiles Flashcards

1
Q

What climate does Pinot Noir prefer?

A

cool to moderate regions

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2
Q

In the coolest climates, what characteristics of Pinot Noir become excessive?

A

vegetal characteristics of cabbage and wet leaves

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3
Q

In the warmest climates, what characteristics of Pinot Noir become excessive?

A

Fruit becomes very jammy

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4
Q

What is the tannin and acid level of Pinot Noir?

A

Low Tannin, High Acid

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5
Q

Describe the fruit characteristics of Pinot Noir?

A

characteristics of cranberry, strawberry, cherry, raspberry

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6
Q

Describe secondary characteristics of Pinot Noir that develop with age?

A

mushroom, wet leaves and gamey meat

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7
Q

What is the most notable region for Pinot Noir?

A

Burgundy, France

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8
Q

What are the best example of Pinot Noir labeled in Burgundy?

A

Grand and Premier Cru

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9
Q

Name some locations where Pinot Noir is notable?

A

France, Germany, Pacific Northwest USA, New Zealand and Australia

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10
Q

What climate does Cabernet Sauvignon prefer?

A

warmer to hot regions

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11
Q

When under-ripe, what characteristics does Cabernet Sauvignon exhibit?

A

unappealing herbaceous and harsh tannins

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12
Q

What is the tannin and acid level of Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

High tannin, depending on where it is grown medium to high acid

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13
Q

Describe the fruit characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Ripe Cabernet Sauvignon has black fruit flavors along with pyrazines (such as bell pepper and mint)

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14
Q

In Bordeaux, how is quality conveyed via naming?

A

Domaine labeling

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15
Q

What climate does Merlot prefer?

A

from cool to warmer regions with differing results

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16
Q

In cooler regions, what characteristics does Merlot exhibit?

A

a wine with red fruit characteristics of strawberry and plum, along with some herbaceousness such as mint, and good tannins and acid.

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17
Q

In warmer regions, what characteristics does Merlot exhibit?

A

In warmer climates, the acid is decreases and the tannins become softer which the fruit characteristics move toward black fruit with a fuller body, higher alcohol.

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18
Q

Name two grapes that are notably blended with Merlot and the primary regions where it originated

A

Left bank Bordeaux, Cabernet Sauvignon. Right Bank Bordeaux, Cabernet Franc

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19
Q

From where is the most expensive Merlot sourced?

A

he most expensive Merlots are likely from the right bank of Bordeaux where they are labeled regionally and, in Saint-Émilion as Crus

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20
Q

What climate does Syrah prefer?

A

grown in moderate to warmer regions.

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21
Q

Describe Syrah grapes

A

Syrah is a small, thick and deeply colored skinned black grape

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22
Q

Describe the color, body, acid and alcohol of Syrah

A

The wines are often deeply colored, high body, high alcohol wines with high tannins and moderate acidity.

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23
Q

Describe two flavors often attributed to Syrah

A

The often exhibit dark fruit (blackberry) and chocolate flavors.

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24
Q

Describe differences in moderate climate Syrah

A

In more moderate regions they tend to show some spice and herbaceous qualities

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25
Q

Describe difference in warmer climate Syrah

A

flavors moves toward deeper fruit and liquorice

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26
Q

Does Syrah see Oak?

A

Often yes

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27
Q

Where is the classic region for Syrah?

A

The classic regions for Syrah is the Rhône regions of France

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28
Q

Name some common Northern Rhône blending grapes used with Syrah?

A

Marsanne, Roussane and Viognier grapes

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29
Q

How many southern Rhône blending grapes are there?

A

13

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30
Q

What is the Syrah-only AOC of the Northern Rhone?

A

Cornas AOC

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31
Q

What is the new world country most commonly associated with Syrah

A

Australia, Shiraz

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32
Q

Provide an alternate name for Grenache

A

Garnacha

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33
Q

Describe Grenache grapes

A

large black grape variety with thin skins and high sugar content and low levels of acid

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34
Q

What is the preferred climate of Granche?

A

Hot

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35
Q

Describe the alcohol and tannin content of Grenache wines

A

high alcohol low tannin

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36
Q

Describe the color and body of Grenache wines

A

Deeply colored, full body

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37
Q

Describe the fruit characteristics of Grenache wines

A

strawberry and raspberry along with spicy notes of white pepper and liquorice

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38
Q

Grenache is often associated with this style of wine when used as a single varietal

A

Rose

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39
Q

A common blending grapes with Grenache and where?

A

Syrah, Rhone

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40
Q

Where is most grenache grown?

A

Southern France and Spain are where most Grenache is grown

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41
Q

Say Aglianico

A

“alli-yawn-nico”

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42
Q

Describe Aglianico wines

A

is a black grape that makes a deeply colored, intense wines

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43
Q

Describe the aromas from Aglianico

A

It has complex floral and dark fruit aromas

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44
Q

Describe the color and body of Aglianico wines

A

deeply colored full-bodied

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45
Q

Describe the tannin and acidity Aglianico wines

A

high tannin and high acidity

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46
Q

Where is Barbera grown?

A

Piedmont region of Italy

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47
Q

Describe the acidity and tannin of Barbera-based wines

A

medium body, high acidity and moderate tannin

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48
Q

Does Barberba see oak?

A

Often yes

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49
Q

Flavors of Barbera?

A

Red fruit flavors and black pepper (Dark Cherry, Dried Strawberry, Plum, Blackberry)

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50
Q

Where did Carménère originate and where it is it primarily grown now?

A

France and now Chile

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51
Q

Describe the color and body of Carménère wines?

A

deep in color, medium to full body

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52
Q

Describe the acidity and alcohol of Carménère wines?

A

high acidity and high alcohol

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53
Q

What type of climate does Carménère require?

A

warm and sunny site to ripen completely

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54
Q

Describe the fruit characteristics of Carménère

A

Flavors of black fruit and peppery spice

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55
Q

What regions is associated with Gamay?

A

southern Burgundy region of Beaujolais

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56
Q

Describe the body and acidity of Gamay-based wines?

A

light to medium bodied red wine with medium to high acidity

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57
Q

Describe the alcohol and tannin of Gamay-based wines?

A

medium alcohol and low tannin

58
Q

Does Gamay see Oak?

A

Usually no

59
Q

Describe the fruit characteristics of Gamay-based wines

A

Gamay show red fruit (strawberry, raspberry and cherry) along with some spice such as cinnamon and pepper

60
Q

Where did Malbec originate and where it is it primarily grown now?

A

France, still exists as a blend, but now strongly associated with Argentina as a varietal

61
Q

Describe the body and tannin of Malbec?

A

full-bodied wines with medium to high tannins,

62
Q

Describe the fruit character of Malbec?

A

dark fruit and spicy flavors. (Black cherry, Pomengranate, Plum, Raspberry, Blackberry, Blueberry)

63
Q

Does Malbec see Oak?

A

Often Yes

64
Q

Describe Montepulciano

A

Montepulciano is a black Italian wine grape

65
Q

Describe the color and acid of Montepulciano

A

deeply colored, high acid

66
Q

Describe the tannin and alcohol of Montepulciano

A

medium to high tannin and alcohol

67
Q

Describe the flavors of Montepulciano

A

flavors of black cherry, blackberry and plum when at its best

68
Q

Where is Nebbiolo from?

A

Piemonte region of Italy

69
Q

Describe the body and acid of Nebbiolo

A

full body, high acid

70
Q

Describe the tannin of Nebbiolo

A

high tannin

71
Q

Describe some flavors of Bebbiolo

A

It’s known for red fruit flavors along with strong earthy elements such as mushroom, tobacco or tar

72
Q

Where was Pinotage created

A

South Africa

73
Q

What is Pinotage a cross between?

A

Pinot noir and Cinsaut (locally known as hermitage)

74
Q

Describe the body and tannin of Pinotage

A

full bodied, medium tannin

75
Q

Describe the flavors of Pinotage

A

red fruit flavors of strawberry, cherry, raspberry with vegetal and animal notes

76
Q

Where is Sangiovese primarily used?

A

Sangiovese is a black grape variety central to the wines of Chianti and Brunello

77
Q

Describe the tannin and acidity of sangiovese

A

that offers a red wine of high tannin and acidity

78
Q

Describe the body of sangiovese

A

medium to full body

79
Q

Describe flavors and aromas of Sangiovese

A

Typically, Sangiovese offers flavors of red cherries, plum, earth and green tea.

80
Q

Where is tempranillo primarily grown

A

Tempranillo is a dark grape variety very important to Spain and Portugal.

81
Q

Does tempranillo see oak

A

Often, yes

82
Q

Describe the body and acid of tempranillo

A

medium body, and acid and tannin and often sees oak

83
Q

Describe the tannin of tempranillo

A

medium tannin

84
Q

Where is the most important region for tempranillo?

A

Rioja

85
Q

Describe tempranillo’s fruit and use in rioja?

A

In regions such as Rioja it offers flavors of strawberry and is often blended with Grenache.

86
Q

Describe tempranillo’s fruit In Ribera del Duero

A

In Ribera del Duero it shows black fruit such as blackberry and plum.

87
Q

Describe the flavors of Zinfandel

A

flavors of black and dried fruit along with spice such as blackberry, prune, raisin, clove and liquorice

88
Q

Describe the color, body and alcohol of Zinfandel wines

A

saturated, full bodied, high in alcohol

89
Q

Describe cool climate chardonnay

A

green fruit and citrus

90
Q

Describe moderate climate chardonnay

A

white stone fruit with citrus and melon

91
Q

Describe warm climate chardonnay

A

tropical notes

92
Q

Does chardonnay see oak?

A

Often but not always

93
Q

Name a few common techniques used with chardonnay and their result

A

additions of oak, malolactic fermentation and lees aging or stirring: significant body and creamy textures

94
Q

Describe the aromas and flavors of Sauvignon Blanc

A

Sauvignon Blanc is an aromatic white grape that is often known for its pyrazine-based aromas such as fresh-cut grass and bell pepper along with green fruit (gooseberry and passionfruit)

95
Q

Describe the acid and body Sauvignon Blanc

A

Usually high in acid, medium in body

96
Q

What is the effect of warmer climates on Sauvignon Blanc

A

less aromatics

97
Q

When might Sauvignon see Oak?

A

Moderate climates

98
Q

What are the traditional premium regions for Sauvignon Blanc

A

The traditional premium regions include the Loire Central Vineyards Bordeaux

99
Q

What grapes is blended with Sauvignon Blanc in Bordeaux

A

Semillion

100
Q

What new world region is most strongly associated with Sauvignon Blanc

A

New Zealand

101
Q

Describe Riesling

A

Riesling is a fruity and floral aromatic grape variety

102
Q

What is the traditional climate of Riesling

A

long associated with the cooler climates of France, Germany and Austria

103
Q

Describe cool climate riesling

A

green fruit flavors often with floral and lemon/lime citrus notes

104
Q

Describe warm climate riesling

A

stone fruit and more pronounced citrus as they become riper

105
Q

What key attribute of Riesling allows for its use in age-worthy sweet wines

A

High acid

106
Q

Does Riesling see oak?

A

almost never

107
Q

Provide an example of a well-known new world Riesling region

A

Claire Valley, Australia

108
Q

Where is Albariño an important grape?

A

Spain and Portugal

109
Q

Where are the most notable plantings of Albariño

A

Rias Baixas

110
Q

Describe the fruit of Albariño

A

It provides a wine with citrus (lemon/lime/grapefruit) and fresh green fruit

111
Q

Does Albariño see oak?

A

Typically unoaked,

112
Q

Describe the acid and body of Albariño

A

Albariño is known for its high acidity and medium body

113
Q

Name two regions associated with Chenin Blanc

A

Chenin Blanc is widely grown in both the Loire Valley of France for Premium wines and in South Africa as a source of inexpensive whites

114
Q

Describe cooler climate Chenin Blanc

A

citrus, green and tropical fruit along with green leafiness

115
Q

Which are of the Loire Valley makes a variety of well known Chenin Blanc wines?

A

in the Vouvray AOC, it is made into wines with a wide range of sweetness

116
Q

Describe warmer climate Chenin Blanc

A

In warmer South Africa, it yields medium-bodied dry and off-dry wines with tropical fruit and citrus.

117
Q

Which region is commonly associated with Gewürztraminer ?

A

Gewürztraminer is most commonly associated with Alsace, France

118
Q

Describe the aromatics intensity of Gewürztraminer

A

It produces a pungent, intensely aromatic

119
Q

Describe the aromatics of Gewürztraminer

A

Rose, blossoms, tropical and stone fruit along with ginger are common

120
Q

Describe the styles of wines made from Gewürztraminer

A

wines that can be made dry, off-dry or medium with high alcohol, low acidity and an accompanying full body

121
Q

Describe the range and fruits of Pinot Gris

A

Pinot Gris generally indicates a full-bodied dry to sweet wines with spicy tropical flavors of ginger, banana and melon and occasionally honey

122
Q

What is the traditional home of Pinot Gris and what is a modern region of note

A

Although Alsace is the traditional home, New Zealand is now also producing notable examples.

123
Q

Describe Pinot Grigio

A

Pinot Grigio is a generally neutral dry wine with medium or light body and medium acidity.

124
Q

Where in Italy does Pinot Grigio show some of the styles of Pinot Gris

A

the northern regions of Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige and Friuli-Venezia Giulia) show some of the characters of those produced in Alsace.

125
Q

Where is Semillon used to make varietally labeled wines?

A

Semillon used to make varietally labeled wines in Australia

126
Q

Describe the acid, body and alcohol of Australian Semillon

A

dry, high acid wine which is light in body and alcohol.

127
Q

Describe the aromas and flavors of Australian Semillon

A

It produces a fairly neutral delicate wine with some citrus but can age into a wine with toast, honey and nut.

128
Q

What noted region uses Semillon as a blending grape?

A

In Bordeaux, Semillon is blended with Sauvignon Blanc to make both dry and the sweet wines that can age with honey and toasty flavors.

129
Q

To where is Torrontés native?

A

Argentina, it is widely planted in the Cafayate region

130
Q

Describe the acidity and alcohol of Torrontés?

A

Torrontés produces dry white wines with medium acidity and body, but high alcohol

131
Q

Describe the aromas of Torrontés

A

Torrontés produces wines with intense fruity and floral aromas.

132
Q

Describe the wine produced by Trebbiano

A

It produces a neutral white wine with high acidity.

133
Q

Where else is the Trebbiano used notably?

A

It is also known as Ugni Blanc in France where it is important to Cognac production

134
Q

Where is most Verdicchio used?

A

Most is produced in the Marche region of central Italy

135
Q

What type of wine uses Verdicchio?

A

It can be used to make still and sparkling wine

136
Q

Where the name ‘Verdicchio’ come from

A

Due to its greenish hue

137
Q

Detail the acid and body of a Verdicchio wine

A

Verdicchio produces a high acid and medium bodied white wine

138
Q

Describe some aromas of Verdicchio

A

lemon, fennel and almonds

139
Q

Is Viognier an aromatic grape?

A

Viognier can produce an intensely aromatic wine

140
Q

Describe the acidity, alcohol and body of Viognier wines

A

Viognier can produce wine with low acidity and high alcohol and body

141
Q

What is the classic region for Viognier

A

Northern Rhône

142
Q

Describe classic aromas of Viognier

A

stone fruit and pear along with floral (violet)

WSET2 Grapes (3 decks)

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