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Oenology > Wine > Flashcards

Wine Flashcards

1
Q

What is Vine Crop

A

A plant that grows grapes

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2
Q

What are the grapes produced

A

Vitis vinifera

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3
Q

Factors affecting wine

A

Climate
Type of soils
Producer
Type of grapes

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4
Q

What is that climate supposed to be

A

30-50°C

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5
Q

Soil Factors

A

Drainage
Location
Nutrients
Composition

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6
Q

Grape type (whites)

A

Chardonnay
Riesling
Sauvignon Blanc

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7
Q

Grape types (red)

A

Pinot noir
Merlot
Syrah
Cabernet Sauvignon

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8
Q

What is pruning?

A

Removal of branches which increase quality and quantity

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9
Q

When does pruning occur

A

January and February

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10
Q

Diseases

A

Fungus- oldium, mildew

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11
Q

What are the worldwide producers?

A

Italy
France
Spain
USA

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12
Q

Explain the vine seasons

November

A

Autumn

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13
Q

Explain the vine seasons

December

A

Sap protects the roots

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14
Q

Explain the vine seasons

Jan/feb

A

Pruning

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15
Q

Explain the vine seasons

March

A

Sap rises through plants

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16
Q

Explain the vine seasons

April

A

Leaves start to grow

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17
Q

Explain the vine seasons

May

A

Treatment for deseases

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18
Q

Explain the vine seasons

June

A

Blooming

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19
Q

Explain the vine seasons

July

A

Grapes form

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20
Q

Explain the vine seasons

August

A

Grapes ripen

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21
Q

Explain the vine seasons

Sept/oct

A

Harvest

22
Q

What is a refractometer

A

It checks whether there is enough sugar in the grapes to be harvested

23
Q

Grape structure

Pulp

A

Sugar
Acid
Minerals

24
Q

Grape structure

Pips/seeds

A

Bitter oils

25
Q

Grape structure

Skin

A

Colour

Yeast

26
Q

Grapes at the winery

What is taken taken into consideration

A

Weight control
Hygiene control
Sugar control

27
Q

Wine making steps

A

1) crushing & destemmig
2) pressing
3) fermentation
4) malolactic fermentation
5) racking and filtering
6) maturing
7) blending
8) filtering
9) botteling

28
Q

What is pressing

A

Separating the juice from the skin

29
Q

What is fermentation

A

Yeast turning sugar into alcohol

Takes 5-7 days

30
Q

What is malolactic fermentation

A

Lowers wine acidity

31
Q

What is racking and filtering

A

Removing insoluble matter

32
Q

What is blending

A

Mixing of wines

33
Q

Difference between the stages of making white wine and red wine

A

White wine is pressing before fermentation

34
Q

Factors of storing wine

A

Humidity
Temperature
Light
Horizontal storage

35
Q

What is the humidity for storing wine

A

60-65%

36
Q

What is the temperature for storing wine

A

11-15°c

37
Q

What is sparking wine

A

Wine with a lot of carbon dioxide

38
Q

What is Tank method

A

2nd Fermentation that takes place in a sealed tank

39
Q

Example of sparkling wine with a tank Mathod

A

Prosecco

Moscato

40
Q

What is the traditional method

A

2nd fermentation that takes place in a special strong bottle

41
Q

3 grapes used to produce champagne

A

Pinot noir
Chardonnay
Pinot mevnier

42
Q

Types of champagne

A

Blanc de Blanc
(Chardonney)

Blanc de noir
(Pinot noir)

Vintage
(All 3 grapes)

43
Q

What are the special wines

A

1) late harvest
2) noble rot
3) eiswein
4) straw wine
5) yellow wine
6) Fortified wine

44
Q

What is late harvest

A

Harvested in December
Grapes used - Pinot noir, Pinot Blanc
Switzerland

45
Q

What is noble rot

A

Harvested in November/December

Grapes are attacked by a fungus called botryis cinerea

France

Sauvignon Blanc

46
Q

What is eiswein

A

Made from frozen grapes

Harvested in January

Riesling

47
Q

What is straw wine

A

Grapes are layed on a bed of straw

Italy

48
Q

What is yellow wine

A

Stored in oak barrels of 6 years 3months

Chateau chalo

49
Q

What is fortified wines

A

Extra alcohol added

50
Q

Examples of fortified wines

A

Sherry wine (Spain)

Port wine (Portugal)

Marsela (Italy)

Madeira (Portugal)

51
Q

What is sherry

A

Grape used - palomino

52
Q

What is port wine

A

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Oenology (1 decks)

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