Windows Commands

Question 1

Ipconfig

Answer 1

• Displays the current configuration of the installed IP stack on a networked computer using TCP/IP
  
  • The /all switch can be used to view additional details about each adapter.
  • Can be used to refresh Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS) settings.

Question 2

IPconfig /all

Answer 2

• Shows everything on a network such as network cards.

MAC addresses

Question 3

IPconfig /?

Answer 3

Help screen for IPconfig

Question 4

IPconfig /Release

Answer 4

Refreshes IP.

Question 5

IPconfig /renew

Answer 5

Renews the IP

Question 6

Flush dns

Answer 6

Clears DNS cache

Question 7

Ping

Answer 7

• Verifies IP- Level connectivity to another TCP/IP device by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request messages.
• A number of switches can accommodate different testing scenarios.
• Can be used to test IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity.
• Used to test network connectivity.
-t

Question 8

Ping -6

Answer 8

Force the computer to use IP version 6

Question 9

Tracert (Trace route)

Answer 9

• Determines the path taken to a destination by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo request messages to the destination with incrementally increasing Time to Live (TTL) field values.
• Used to “trace” a network path from sending to receiving device.
Useful if the local device is testing ok but connectivity can’t be established.

Question 10

Nbtstat

Answer 10

• Displays NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT) protocol statistics for the local and remote computers, NetBIOs name tables for both the local computers and the remote computers and the NetBIOS name cache.
• NetBIOS was developed to communicate over a network using the session layer of the OSI model.
• NetBIOS establishes logical names on the network, establishes sessions between two logical names on the network, and supports reliable data transfer between computers that have established a session.
NetBIOS over TCP/IP sends the NetBIOS protocol within TCP and UDP sessions.

Question 11

PathPing

Answer 11

• A command-line route tracing tool that combines features of the tools Ping and TraceRt that includes additional information.
• PathPing sends packets to each router on the way to a final destination over a period of time, and then computers results based on the packets returned from each hop.
PathPing can show the degree of the packets loss at any specified router link enabling you to pinpoint links that might be causing network problems.

Question 12

Nslookup

Answer 12

• Displays information that you may use can use diagnose Domain Name System (DNS)
The Nslookup command-line tool is available only if you have installed the TCP/IP protocol.

Question 13

Netsh (Net Shell)

Answer 13

• A command-line scripting utility that enables you to display or modify the network configuration of a computer currently running.
• Command works on a local or remote computers
• Provides a scripting feature that allows to run a group of commands in batch mode against a specified computer.
Enables you to save a configuration script in a text file for archival purposes or help you configure other servers.

Question 14

Net Start/ Stop

Answer 14

• Used to stop and start the network service of a machine.

Used for stopping and starting services.

Question 15

Route

Answer 15

• Displays and modifies the entries in the local IP routing table
• The route Print command can be used to display routing table for a Windows machine
○ This command gives the same result as netstat -r, but is more commonly used
The route command can also be used to add and delete static routers.

Question 16

FTP

Answer 16

• FTP stands for file transfer protocol. It is an application layer protocol as well as an application.
• Not a secure connection.
Port number 20 and 21

Question 17

SFTP

Answer 17

• Transfer files securely
• Secure file transfer
• Port 22
FTPS (secure connection) - 990

Question 18

Telnet

Answer 18

• Telnet is used to take control of a remote computer.
• It can also be used for troubleshooting by putting a port number.
• Not a secure connection.
Port 23

Question 19

NET

Answer 19

Although not really considered part of the TCP/IP command set, the net command can display all kinds of important networking data, and it allows you to configure various networking options such as services.

Question 20

ARP

Answer 20

Used to find out what the MAC address is.

Question 21

-L

Answer 21

Used to identify the size of a packet that is being sent

Question 22

cd

Answer 22

• Change directory command
• Used to view directory/ view folders within the system.
• If you need to go to a specific folder from the drive the subfolders must be separated by a backslash character “". E.g cd windows\system32\
If you want to change the drive that you are looking at type CD enter then type in the drive letter that you would like to look at. E.g z:

Question 23

DIR

Answer 23

View the contents of a folder by using this command.

Question 24

mkdir

Answer 24

Used to create a directory

Question 25

REN

Answer 25

• Used to rename files and folders.

e.g ren (oldfilename) (newfilename)

Question 26

Copy

Answer 26

Command allows you to copy files from one location to another.

Question 27

XCopy

Answer 27

To copy a folder from one location to another

Question 28

DEL

Answer 28

Used to delete files from the folder that you’ve created

Question 29

RD

Answer 29

• Used to delete folders.

Remove Directory