wildlife mgt Flashcards
traits to acquire in wildlife
observation skills
animal sense
desire to learn
creativity and innovation
compassion
;what are the clients in order
animals, zookeepers, public
primary concern in enclosure design
animal ecology, biology, behavior
is the key to managing species because it will tell you about the animal’s diet, housing and behaviour, which eventually will provide clues on the animal’s ecology and proper care.
identification
Animals need to be identified per ___ and __.
species
individually
differentiate the types of identification
Passive Identification uses animal’s innate markings and is commonly used to identify species.
Active Identification are marks that are placed on the animal for identification purposes.
The animal’s pychological needs are addressed through
enrichment
most common form of enrichment
food enrichment
conditions under which individuals are spatially restricted with respect to their natural spatial patterns or those of their progeny, are removed from many of their natural ecological processes, and are managed on some level by humans.
Captivity / Ex situ:
a live organism at the point when it comes under the authority of the de- cision-making body or agent responsible for deciding where to place the individual in the long term.
Confiscated, Live Organism:
how is Consignment origin difer from Country of origin:
the country from which an organism was transported prior to seizure
the country in which a specimen/individual was taken from the wild, bred in captivity or artificially propagated
differentiate reinforcement and reintroduction
the intentional movement and release of an organism into an existing population to boost the populations of threatened species in the wild
the intentional movement and release of an organism inside its indigenous range from which it has disappeared
return of the confiscated individual to its country of origin
repatriation
is the human-mediated movement of living organisms from one area, with release in another, including reintroduction and reinforcement projects
translocation
two types of poikilotherms
heliothermic
ectothermic
differentiate heliothermic by ectothermic
heliothermic (takes in heat by basking) & ectothermic (takes in heat by lying on hot surfaces).
crocodiles have a well-developed ___ vs reptiles which have 3-chambered heart
ventricular septum
Blood from the caudal portion of the body drains into the ___ before going to the heart. This feature should be considered when giving parenteral medication
liver and/or kidneys
drug admin sites for reptiles
orally
IM - biceps or triceps mm
SC
IV
crocodile inoculation sites
ventral caudal vein (small animals); supra vertebral vein
20G
snake inoculation sites
ventral caudal vein or ventral coccygeal or heart; cardiocentesis; supra palatine vein
instead of hair, reptiles possess scales. Some scales have bones inside them, called __
osteoderms
Sexual dimorphism is not always apparent, and is usually determined by
genital exam
sexing of snakes
female no more than 1-3 subcaudals
male at least 9-15 subcaudals
sexing of chelonian
male more distal cloaca
female more proximal to anal scutes cloaca
Preferred optimal temperature zone or range of reptiles
25-35
incoulation site for lizard
ventral caudal vein
how to admin intracoelomic drugs in turtles
through the inguinal space into the coelom of turtles; animals need to be tilted, head down to prevent puncturing vital organs.
Diagnostic Imaging
radiog
utz
electrocardio
computed tomo
Early signs of Disease
Anorexia Dehydration Weight loss Lethargy
Detecting the signs
Observe animal behaviour
* Look at animal condition
* Check enclosure
* Determine history
Usual suspects of dz
Management Physiological state
Disease process
Aids in diagnosis
hx
bloodwork
isolation
diagnostic imaging
Approach to therapy
Reheat (except in head trauma)
Rehydrate
Medicate (including sampling, isolation and sensitivity testing)
antibiotics recommended
- Amikacin: 5 mg/kg IM, then 2.5 mg/kg IM q72h for 5 - 7 treatments; 50 mg/10 ml saline (nebulization)
- Cefotaxime 100 mg/10 ml saline (nebulization)
- Enrofloxacin: 5 mg/kg PO, IM, SC, ICe q24h for
7 - 14 days - Itraconazozle: 23.5 mg/kg PO q24h
- Piperacillin 100 mg/10 ml saline (nebulization)
- Ketoconazole 15-30 mg/kg q24h 14-28 d PO
antiparasitic drugs
alben
fenben
iver
metron
pyrantel
pyrethrin
vitamins and minerals recommended
10% calcium gluconate
Vit A,B,D,K
Component of jarchow’s solution
2 parts 2.5% dextrose in 0.45% NaCl : 1 part LRS
fluid therapy components
5 % dextrose in water
* 7% saline solution
* 2.5% dextrose in 1/2 strengtgh LRS
* Jarchow’s solution (2 parts 2.5% dextrose in 0.45% NaCl : 1 part LRS)
drug for Chemical restraint and anaesthesia
isoflurane
ketamine
