Why The Cold War Started

Question 0

When was the Yalta conference

Month/Year

Answer 0

February 1945

Question 1

When did WWII end?

Day/Month/Year

Answer 1

8th May 1945

Question 2

When was the Potsdam conference?

Lasted just over 2 weeks

Answer 2

17th July - 2nd August 1945

Question 3

When was the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima?

Day/Month/Year

Answer 3

6th August 1945

Question 4

When did the war against Japan end?

Day/Month/Year

Answer 4

2nd September 1945

Question 5

When was Churchill’s ‘Iron Curtain’ speech at Fulton, Missouri?

(Day/Month/Year)

Answer 5

5th March 1946

Question 6

When did the Greek Civil War Start?

Day/Month/Year

Answer 6

10th September 1946

Question 7

When was the Truman Doctrine launched?

Month/Year

Answer 7

March 1947

Question 8

When was Marshall Aid established?

Month/Year

Answer 8

June 1947

Question 9

When was the communist coup in Czechoslovakia?

Month/Year

Answer 9

February 1948

Question 10

When did the Berlin Blockade begin?

Month/Year

Answer 10

June 1948

Question 11

When was NATO established?

Month/Year

Answer 11

April 1949

Question 12

When was the Berlin Blockade lifted?

Month/Year

Answer 12

May 1949

Question 13

What dates was the Berlin Blockade begin and end?

2 x (Month/Year)

Answer 13

June 1948 - May 1949

Question 14

What 2 things were established in1947

Answer 14

Truman Doctrine (March) and Marshall Aid (June)

Question 15

4 factors for why the Cold War and what schools of history to they correspond to?

Answer 15

USSR’s fault (traditionalist)
USA’s fault (Revisionist)
Product of early environment (Post-Revisionist)
Misunderstandings and Misconceptions

Question 16

What is the traditionalist view to how the Cold War started?

Answer 16

USSR’s fault

Question 17

What is the Revisionist view to how the Cold War started?

Answer 17

USA’s fault

Question 18

What is the post-revisionist view to how the Cold War started?

Answer 18

Product of its early environment

Question 19

Describe the point for USSRs Fault in starting the Cold War? (4 points) - SGSpN

Answer 19

1. Salami Tactics
2. Failing to unify Germany
3. Stalin’s policies
4. Nuclear bomb developed in 1949

Question 20

Describe the point for USSRs Fault in starting the Cold War? (4 points)

Answer 20

1. Salami Tactics
2. Failing to unify Germany
3. Stalin’s policies
4. Nuclear bomb developed in 1949

Question 21

Describe the point for USSRs Fault in starting the Cold War?

Answer 21

1. Salami Tactics
2. Failing to unify Germany
3. Stalin’s policies
4. Nuclear bomb developed in 1949

Question 22

Describe the point for the USAs fault in starting the Cold War? (4/5 points) - PRTM (Mc)

Answer 22

1. Potsdam deceptions, 1945
2. WWII fears of economic recession
3. Truman Doctrine, 1947
4. Marshall Aid, 1947
   (5. McCarthyism)

Question 23

Describe the point for the USAs fault in starting the Cold War? (4/5 points)

Answer 23

1. Potsdam deceptions, 1945
2. WWII fears of economic recession
3. Truman Doctrine, 1947
4. Marshall Aid, 1947
   (5. McCarthyism)

Question 24

Describe the point for the USAs fault in starting the Cold War?

Answer 24

1. Potsdam deceptions, 1945 2. WWII fears of economic recession 3. Truman Doctrine, 1947 4. Marshall Aid, 1947 (5. McCarthyism)

Question 25

Describe the point for the Cold War starting as a product of its early environment? (3 points) 3LA

Answer 25

1. The Big Three - Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill 2. The legacy of WWII - economic position 3. Attitudes in 1945 - USSR vs. GBR+USA

Question 26

Describe the point for the Cold War starting as a product of its early environment? (3 points)

Answer 26

1. The Big Three - Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill 2. The legacy of WWII - economic position 3. Attitudes in 1945 - USSR vs. GBR+USA

Question 27

Describe the point for the Cold War starting as a product of its early environment?

Answer 27

1. The Big Three - Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill 2. The legacy of WWII - economic position 3. Attitudes in 1945 - USSR vs. GBR+USA

Question 28

Explain the point that the Cold War started as a result of misunderstandings and misconceptions? (4 points) BKID

Answer 28

1. Buffer Zone vs. Soviet Expansionism argument 2. Keenan's long Telegram, Feb, 1946 3. Iron Curtain Speech, 1946 4. Direct result = McCarthyism

Question 29

Explain the point that the Cold War started as a result of misunderstandings and misconceptions? (4 points)

Answer 29

1. Buffer Zone vs. Soviet Expansionism argument 2. Keenan's long Telegram, Feb, 1946 3. Iron Curtain Speech, 1946 4. Direct result = McCarthyism

Question 30

Explain the point that the Cold War started as a result of misunderstandings and misconceptions?

Answer 30

1. Buffer Zone vs. Soviet Expansionism argument 2. Keenan's long Telegram, Feb, 1946 3. Iron Curtain Speech, 1946 4. Direct result = McCarthyism

Question 31

What was the quote from Keenan's Long Telegram?

Answer 31

'hostile world outside his borders'

Question 32

What was Keenan's argument that contributed to the policy of 'containment'

Answer 32

Logic of Force

Question 33

What US policy did Keenan's logic of force argument contribute too?

Answer 33

Containment

Question 34

What could be used as a direct result of misunderstandings and misconceptions?

Answer 34

McCarthyism

Question 35

What was Soviet attitudes in 1945? (part of product of environment)

Answer 35

Foreign policy was based around taking advantage of the military situation in Europe to strengthen Soviet influence and prevent anther attack from the West.

Question 36

What year did Roosevelt die and who succeeded him?

Answer 36

1945, Truman

Question 37

When was containment achieved by the US?

Answer 37

by the end of 1946

Question 38

What happened to the US economy as a result of WWII?

Answer 38

GDP doubled by 1944

Question 39

Who deceived who at Potsdam, 1945?

Answer 39

Truman failed to tell Stalin about the dropping of the bomb on Hiroshima

Question 40

What did the Truman Doctrine do?

Answer 40

USA would aid any country under attack from armed minorities - aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Question 41

What was the Marshall Plan?

Answer 41

Provide financial support for all war torn countries - conditions made it almost impossible for communist countries to apply.

Question 42

When did the USSR develop their nuclear bomb?

Answer 42

1949

Question 43

What were Stalin's policies, making the Cold War more the USSR's fault?

Answer 43

Dollar Imperialism, Cominform and Comecon

Question 44

What was the USSR's response to Marshall Aid?

Answer 44

Comecon

Question 45

As part of Salami tactics, name some countries where they overthrew the political systems...

Answer 45

Poland, Czechoslovakia (1948), and Romania

Question 46

Describe the USSR's fault factor

Answer 46

1. Salami tactics- between 1946-1947, established a broad alliance of anti-fascists until a communist core remained- overthrew political systems in Poland, Romania and Czechoslovakia to name a few 2. Failure to unify Germany (Berlin blockade in 1948) kept it as a point of tension) 3. Stalin's policies - Dollar imperialism, Cominform and Comecon (response to Marshall aid, a believed attack on communism). Rather than compromise/accept economic help they needed, they resisted it. 4. 1949 they developed the nuclear bomb, proving their commitment to anti-western attitudes

Question 47

Describe the USA's fault factor

Answer 47

1. Potsdam Conference- Trumam failed to tell Stalin their plans to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan (1945) 2. WWII- fears of economic recession - made the U.S. industrialists keen to protect this potential market from being closed off by the spread of communism 3. Truman Doctrine, 1947= USA would aid any country under attack from armed minorities- aimed at preventing the spread of communism 4. Marshall Aid, 1947 = provide financial support for all war-torn countries: conditions made it almost impossible for communist countries to apply

Question 48

Describe the 'product of its early environment' factor

Answer 48

1. 'The Big Three' emerged post WWII (Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill) and began controlling international affairs, e.g. Tehran, 1943 2. Legacy of WWII - USA wanted to maintain their war economy; GDP doubled by 1944 due to war production. USSR's economy suffered- 1,700 towns, 31,000 factories and 100,000 farms destroyed - clearly showing the USA's stronger socio-economic position; however they relied on the continuation of war. 3. Attitudes in 1945: USSR = foreign policy was based on taking advantage of military situation in Europe to strengthen Soviet influence and prevent another attack from the West. GBR = hostile towards USSR- more suspicious than US. U.S. = Roosevelt was fighting for the 4 freedoms but died in April 1945 - succeeded by Truman who was inexperienced and ill-prepared -> Keenan = deputy chief of mission @ US embassy in Moscow -> Telegram, 1946 = Soviet action was suspicious and recommended action from the U.S.- by the end of 1946 = containment > UK and US = fearful of expansionism: by 1946 had united foreign policy against the USSR and the spread of communism

Question 49

'Product of its early environment' What were the 3 statistics for devastation in the USSR?

Answer 49

1,700 towns 31,009 factories 100,000 farms All destroyed

Question 50

Describe the Misunderstandings and Misconceptions factor

Answer 50

1. Argument of 'Buffer Zone' vs. expansionism 2. Keenan's Long Telegram, in 1946, about nature of Soviet conduct - key idea: Soviet system = threat of a 'hostile world outside his borders.' Keenan's 'logic of force' argument helped to harden US attitudes and was to play a key role in the development of 'containment.' 3. Iron Curtain Speech, 1946, acknowledged Soviet expansionism -> stepped up intensity of propaganda - Soviet reaction = Stalin compared Churchill to Hitler and withdrew from the IMF (international Monetary Fund) 4. Direct result = McCarthyism: his accusations of conspiracy against the USSR led to purges and show trials of any 'un-American behaviour' - mirroring Stalin's purges in the 30s