Why had the International Peace Collapsed by 1939? Flashcards
One of the most important consequences of the Peace Settlements was that it left a number of countries dissatisfied
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Japan was disappointed because their idea of racial equality clause had been rejected at the Paris Peace Conference and it had expected to receive a greater share of Germanies former trading rights in China
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Italy had hoped to receive the Adriatic port of Fiume and a greater share of the former colonies of Germany and Turkey
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Germany had objected to literally every aspect of the Treaty of Versailles which were the territorial provisions, the disarmament clause, the War guilt, and reparations
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The Stab in the back myth was that Fater the First World War the myth developed that Germany had not really lost the War but was betrayed by a group of unpatriotic socialist inclined politicians called the November Criminals who hoped to profit from Germanys surrender
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Not only did the Treaty of Versailles dissatisfy Germany but it also failed to disable them and prevent them from growing into a powerful European State
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Hitlers Foreign Policy aims were to complete the plan of destructing the Treaty of Versailles or The Treaty of Saint Germain
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The Foreign Policy aims were German Rearmament and the remilitarisation of the Rhineland, The Anschluss or Union with Austria, The Transfer of the Sudetenland from Czech, The occupation of the Prague, the seizure of Memel, and claims made over Danzig and the Polish Corridor
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The Treaty of Versailles was hated by the German people and Hitler would ensure his popularity by dismantling the Treaty clause by clause
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In the 1930s the British government and public started to feel as though the Terms on Germany were too harsh
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The French reaction to the Treaty was that it was not harsh enough as they wanted a treaty that would permanently disable Germany in order to ensure their security
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By 1930 it was clear Hitler was trying to overturn the Peace Settlement and France did not feel confident enough to stand up to Hitler on their own so they acted in partnership with Britain
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Some of the Inconsistencies that the Settelemt showed were the separation of East Prussia, from the main bulk of German territory by the Polish Corridor, the placing of Danzig which was overpopulated by Germans under the LON control
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The Great Depression, Japanese Invasion of Manchuria, and the Italian invasion of Abyssinia all essentially finished off the LON
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When Japan invaded Manchuria the eyes of the World was focused on Japan as it was the first time they had faced a challenge from a serious power
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If the LON was firm then this would act as a warning to those powers looking to expand their territory
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For Italy and Germany, the lessons on Manchuria showed that their territorial ambitions were possible
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When Italy first invaded Abysinnia it appeared to jolt the LON as they then took firm action and imposed economic sanctions however these sanctions did not consist of key events commodities such as coal and oil which made the League exposed as guilty and the Hoare Laval Pact confirmed this impression
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The LON seemed incapable of making strong action which Hitler and Mussolini loved as the LON could not put internationalism ahead of national interests
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The Failure of the LON affected the thoughts and actions of Britain and France although they never had much confidence in the LON it was now clear that collective security was dead and that alternative ideas had to be found to keep World Peace
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This now meant that Britain and France had to rearm to make sure Germany and Italy did not take further action
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Rearmament had not previously happened before because Britain and France both did not spend what they should have on defense
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France and Britain both used collective security as an excuse for not spending enough on rearming
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The Public held strong views on major arms not spending because the public placed more faith in the LON than the Politicians did
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