Why do different places experience different weather and climate?

Question 1

Weather

Answer 1

Daily condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place.
Short-term condition
Changes from place to place all the time

Question 2

Climate

Answer 2

Average condition of the atmosphere (air) at a specific place over a long period of time, usually over 30 years
Long-term condition
Remains the same for the same region

Question 3

Elements of Weather

Answer 3

Temperature
Relative Humidity
Clouds
Rainfall
Air-pressure
Wind

Question 4

Mean

Answer 4

Average
difference between maximum and minimum

Question 5

Latitude

Answer 5

The distance of any point on the Earth measured north or south form the Equator
Places at higher latitude are colder because they receive a smaller solar angle and lower concentration of solar radiation

Question 6

Latitude in December

Answer 6

Summer: Southern hemisphere
Winter: Northern hemisphere

Question 7

Latitude in June

Answer 7

Summer: Northern hemisphere
Winter: Southern hemisphere

Question 8

Higher latitudes

Answer 8

At higher latitudes, the solar angle (i.e. angle at which the sun’s rays reach the earth) is lower. Thus, solar energy is spread out over a larger area. This results in lower mean annual temperatures.

Question 9

Lower latitudes

Answer 9

At lower latitudes, the solar angle (i.e. angle at which the sun’s rays reach the earth) is higher. Thus, solar energy is concentrated on a small area. This results in higher mean annual temperatures.

Question 10

Which regions get high solar angle all year round?

Answer 10

Regions between Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn get a high solar angle all year round.

Question 11

Altitude

Answer 11

The height of a place in relation to the sea level
Temperature decreases by 6.5°C when altitude increase by 1,000m

Question 12

Why are places with higher altitude colder?

Answer 12

There is less dense air to absorb heat
It has lesser surface area and is further from the earth’s surface (heat is lost by the time it reaches higher altitude)
There are less greenhouse gases to absorb heat

Question 13

Cloud cover

Answer 13

The extent of the sky covered by clouds
. More cloud cover reflect more sun rays back to space in the day.
So, days are cooler.
. More cloud cover absorbs more heat at night. So, nights are
warmer
. Therefore, diurnal temperature range is smaller in areas with
more cloud covers.

Question 14

Distance from Sea (cannot apply to SG)

Answer 14

Sea heats up and cools down slower than on land.

Question 14

Distance from Sea (cannot apply to SG)

Answer 14

Sea heats up and cools down slower than on land.