Why did the crusade fail?

Question 1

Weakness of Byzantine Empire

Answer 1

Death of Manuel 1180 - led to period of internal chaos

Maria tried to rule as regent but was replaced by Andronikos as the Greeks rebelled against Latin rule - led to period of instability between sons Isaac and Alexios - led to coup by Alexios and exile of Alexios IV

Question 2

Finances

Answer 2

lack of involvement from European monarchs meant finances were unstable

Innocent tried to raise tax of 1/40 on church property - difficult to collect

Crusader leaders negotiated fee of 5 silver marks per crusader - to pay contract with Venetians of 85,000 silver marks for transport and supplies

only 11,000 crusaders arrived in Venice leaving debt of 34,000 silver marks

Question 3

Role of Venetians

Answer 3

Strongest maritime power in 13th Century

Trade dispute between venetians and byzantines 1171 led to breakdown of alliance
–> crusade diverted by doge of venice Enrico to Constantinople to repay their debts but also restore venetian trading rights