Whole Year

Question 1

what does a plant cell contain?

Answer 1

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, chloroplasts, mitochondria,nucleus,vacuole

Question 2

what does a animal cell contain?

Answer 2

cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes

Question 3

what does a fungal cell contain?

Answer 3

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes

Question 4

what does a bacterial cell contain?

Answer 4

cell wall, cell membrane, plasmid, circular chromosome, ribosomes,cytoplasm,capsule,flagellum

Question 5

chloroplast - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 5

plant cell

Question 6

ribosome - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 6

both

Question 7

nucleus - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 7

both

Question 8

cell membrane - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 8

both

Question 9

mitochondria - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 9

both

Question 10

cell wall - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 10

plant

Question 11

cytoplasm - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 11

both

Question 12

vacuole - plant cell, animal cell, or both?

Answer 12

plant

Question 13

what is the function of chloroplasts

Answer 13

site of photosythesis

Question 14

what is the function of ribosomes

Answer 14

site of protein synthesis

Question 15

what is the function of the nucleus

Answer 15

controls the cell’s activities like cell division and cell chemistry

Question 16

what is the function of the cell membrane

Answer 16

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 17

what is the function of the mitochondria

Answer 17

site of aerobic stages of respiration

Question 18

what is the function of the cell wall

Answer 18

supports the cell

Question 19

what is the function of the cytoplasm

Answer 19

site of chemical reactions

Question 20

what is the function of the vacuole

Answer 20

stores cell sap

Question 21

T or F: cytoplasm is a structure

Answer 21

False

Question 22

what is the function of a capsule

Answer 22

covers outside of cells and provides additional protection

Question 23

what is the function of a plasmid

Answer 23

ring of genetic material can carry useful information such as antibiotic resistance

Question 24

flagellum

Answer 24

not always present, but is used for movement

Question 25

how do you calculate the Actual size?

Answer 25

image size / magnification

Question 26

how do you calculate the Magnification?

Answer 26

image size / actual size

Question 27

What does the magnification triangle look like?

Answer 27

I on the top, A to the right, M to the left.

Question 28

convert 0.005 micrometres into nanometres

Answer 28

5 nanometre

Question 29

convert 1 millimetre into nanometres

Answer 29

1,000,000 nanometres

Question 30

convert 500,000 nanometres into millimetres

Answer 30

0.5 millimetres

Question 31

what does the plasma membrane consist of?

Answer 31

a double layer of phospholipids with proteins on, in and through the phospholipid bilayer. the membrane is selectively permeable.

Question 32

the plasma membrane is selectively permeable. what does this mean?

Answer 32

Allows only some substances and molecules to pass into or leave the cell.

Question 33

Name the two main components of the cell membrane

Answer 33

protein, phospholipid

Question 34

state the name given to this model of the plasma membrane.

Answer 34

Fluid Mosaic

Question 35

explain the meaning of the word fluid in fluid mosaic.

Answer 35

the membrane is constantly moving

Question 36

explain the meaning of the word mosaic in fluid mosaic.

Answer 36

proteins are distributed throughout the membrane

Question 37

is the phosphate head hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Answer 37

hydrophilic

Question 38

is the lipid tail hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Answer 38

hydrophobic

Question 39

What is diffusion?

Answer 39

the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient from a higher to a lower concentration. It does not require energy.

Question 40

what does glucose do during diffusion

Answer 40

glucose molecules move into the cell from a high concentration to a low concentration

Question 41

what does oxygen do during diffusion

Answer 41

dissolved oxygen moves into the cell from a high concentration to a low concentration

Question 42

what does carbon dioxide do during diffusion

Answer 42

dissolved carbon dioxide moves out of the cell from a high concentration to a low concentration

Question 43

why does the cell membrane allow glucose to pass through but not starch

Answer 43

glucose molecules are a smaller version of starch

Question 44

name 2 substances that enter the cell by diffusion

Answer 44

glucose and oxygen

Question 45

name a substance that leaves the cell by diffusion

Answer 45

carbon dioxide

Question 46

what is a concentration gradient

Answer 46

movement of molecules always occurs down a concentration gradient from high to low concentration.

Question 47

why is diffusion important to living cells?

Answer 47

gets oxygen and nutrients into the cell.

Question 48

what is osmosis

Answer 48

the movement of water molecules from a higher water concentration to a lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 49

true or false: water moves to areas with higher solute concentration

Answer 49

true

Question 50

what does hypertonic mean

Answer 50

great solute concentration

Question 51

what does hypotonic mean

Answer 51

low solute concentration

Question 52

what does isotonic mean

Answer 52

equal concentration

Question 53

does the cell membrane allow small water molecules to pass in and out of the cell?

Answer 53

yes

Question 54

what will happen to a plant cell placed in salt solution?

Answer 54

water molecules move out of the cell by osmosis. cell becomes plasmolysed

Question 55

what will happen to a plant cell placed in isotomic solution

Answer 55

no NET movement of water

Question 56

what will happen to a plant cell placed in pure water

Answer 56

water molecules move into the cell my osmosis. cell becomes turgid.

Question 57

what will happen to a animal cell placed in salt solution

Answer 57

water moves out of cell by osmosis, cell shrinks and becomes shrivelled

Question 58

what will happen to a animal cell placed in isotomic solution

Answer 58

no net movement of water

Question 59

what will happen to a animal cell placed in pure water

Answer 59

water moves into the cell by osmosis. cell swells up and bursts

Question 60

what is active transport

Answer 60

the movement of molecules from a low concentration to a area of high concentration against the concentration gradient. it requires energy.

Question 61

what will the cell require if it undertakes lots of active transport?

Answer 61

mitochondria

Question 62

give an example of active transport.

Answer 62

in animals, nerve cells depend on active transport of sodium and potassium ions to maintain a concentration difference across the membrane

Question 63

conditions required for energy to be released in cell

Answer 63

needs to have factors such as temperature and availability of oxygen and glucose which directly affect the cells respiratory rate.