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Plant Physiology > Whole Plant Growth > Flashcards

Whole Plant Growth Flashcards

1
Q

population growth

A
  • more than 100 years of classical growth theory
  • exponential
    populations in this case means metabolically active cells, leaves, roots, and photosynthetic stems
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2
Q

relative growth rate

A
  • an extractable parameter
  • analogous to population growth
  • not constant
  • plant growth is not exponential
  • helps us understand growth and its relationship to plant structure and physiology
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3
Q

from all the equations in this unit, how is mass measured?

A
  • in dry mass

- also can include indices of size like leaf area, height, trunk diameter, and leaf number

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4
Q

why is RGR relative?

A

-considering growth increase that is relative to the plant size

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5
Q

absolute growth rate

A
  • does not allow us to understand physiological drivers of changes in growth rates or compare behavior or performance across plants
  • bigger plants always have inherently bigger absolute growth rates
  • you would essentially always be measuring size
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6
Q

do juvenile plants have faster or slower growth than adults?

A
  • faster

- they are tiny because they quickly increase their mass by orders of magnitude

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7
Q

LAR

A
  • leaf area ratio
  • leaf area / plant mass
  • morphological index (structural)
  • all of the leaves together versus the mass of the plant
  • higher magnitude than ULR
  • = specific leaf area x leaf mass fraction
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8
Q

ULR

A
  • unit leaf rate
  • mass accumulated per leaf area per time
  • physiological index (metabolic)
  • like net photosynthetic rate per leaf area, but integrated over time and is
    diminished by respiration and any loss of tissue over time
  • critical part is how long a leaf lives
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9
Q

SLA

A
  • specific leaf area
  • leaf area / leaf mass
  • factor contributing to high RGR
  • commonly a plant functional rate because of its
    relationship to RGR and photosynthetic rate and because changes in SLA are major mechanisms for acclimation and adaptation to environment
  • RGR is equally changed by SLA and LMF
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10
Q

LMF

A
  • leaf mass fraction
  • leaf mass / plant mass
  • factor contributing to high RGR
  • leaf
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11
Q

higher or lower SLA for thinner leaves

A
  • SLA is higher for leaves that are thinner or less dense
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12
Q

what are the components of leaves with high SLA?

A

large surface area, efficient photosynthetic

apparatus, stomatal pore area, etc per leaf mass

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13
Q

SMF

A

stem mass fraction

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14
Q

RMF

A
  • root mass fraction

- investment in roots is often a result of water or nutrient stress

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15
Q

longer lifespan

A

higher ULR because leaf mass is lost less frequently

- lower RGR because leaves are slowing down as they age

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16
Q

what happens to long lived leaves?

A

associated overall with a slower RGR because leaf lifespan is strongly negatively correlated with SLA
- thick, dense leaves last longer and are less vulnerable to
herbivores

17
Q

plasticity

A
  • changes in form and physiology when plants are grown in different conditions
  • arise from interactions between genes an environment = changes in gene expression
18
Q

adaption

A
  • long term, evolutionary changes in plant form and physiology
  • are purely genetic = heritable changes in standing genetic variance
19
Q

what are the extent of the differences in plasticity?

A

depends on how long plants grow in a different environment and intrinsic difference in growth rates

20
Q

irradiance plastic changes

A
  • plastic changes for plants grown in shade
  • increased SLA
  • reduced RMF
  • may compensate for the shade to some degree
21
Q

higher nutrient supply plastic changes

A
  • plastic changes for plants grown in higher nutrient supply
  • increased SLA
  • reduced RMF
22
Q

higher water supply plastic changes

A
  • plastic changes for plants grown in higher water supply
  • increased SLA
  • possibly reduced RMF
23
Q

irradiance adapted changes

A

plants adapted to shade lower SLA and higher RMF

  • This is because plants in chronic shade have low demand for energy and tolerance of other stresses
  • lower SLA corresponds with a longer leaf lifespan (not enough light to make new leaves)
  • higher RMF allows shade plants to compete for resources
24
Q

higher absolute growth rate

A

lower RGR

the same applies for lower absolute growth rate = higher RGR

25
Q

why do bigger things have bigger absolute growth rates?

A
  • more cells

- lower RGR because respiration slows down as things age

Plant Physiology (21 decks)

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