White Set Cheat Sheet Words 41 to 48 Flashcards
______________ (1901-1954) was an Italian-American physicist who created the Chicago Pile-1, the world’s first nuclear reactor.
Enrico Fermi
__________________ is theorized to be the source of many comets. It is an area that lies beyond the Kuiper Belt at the edge of the Solar System.”
The Oort cloud
________ is a type of seaweed that grows in large colonies called “forests” in the ocean. It is sensitive to ocean temperature rises and is threatened by global warming.”
Kelp
Periodic cooling phase of waters across the east-central equatorial Pacific. During ________ events, stronger trade winds push warm water toward Asia
La Nina
_________________ determined pi by approximating the value as being greater than 223/71 and less than 22/7.
Archimedes
This man’s military innovations include designs of a heat ray for concentrating the sun’s energy. This man created a screw used for moving water up a hill. According to legend, this man discovered a method for weighing a gold crown after which he jumped out of his bathtub shouting “Eureka!” while running naked through the streets. For the point, name this Greek mathematician of Syracuse who discovered the principle of buoyancy.
Archimedes
The Fields Medal in Mathematics depicts an image of this man and a description of his sphere and cylinder proof. This man used a primitive precursor of integral calculus to estimate pi, and in this man’s On the Equilibrium of Planes, heagrave the earliest explanation of levers. The second volume of his On Floating Bodies proposed his eponymous principle. For the point, identify this man, who according to Vitruvius used that namesake principle to determine the metal composition of a crown by using water displacement.
Archimedes
A _______________ is an incredibly dense region in space where the gravity is so strong that light cannot escape.
Black hole
“These objects are the subject of the no-hair theorem which holds that they can be characterized by only their mass, charge, and angular momentum. The mass of one of these objects determines its Schwarzschild radius and thus its event horizon or “point of no return.” For the point, name these astronomical objects with singularities at their centers that let nothing, even light, escape.
Black hole
“The mass, charge, and angular momentum of these objects completely describes them, according to the no-hair theorem. One of these objects in M87 was the first to be pictured in 2019. These objects can be thought of as singularities in space-time. Hawking radiation occurs at these object’s event horizons. For the point, name these objects which not even light can escape.
Black hole
Because of the existence of virtual particles, these objects can “evaporate.” Reinhard Genzel, Andrea Ghez, and Roger Penrose won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics for a discovery regarding a supermassive one of these objects called Sagittarius A-star. For non-rotating examples of these objects, the Schwarzschild radius defines the event horizon. For the point, name these objects from which not even light can escape.
Black hole
Scientists studying these objects were awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics, one of whom was Roger Penrose who proposed extracting energy from the ergospheres of these objects. These objects lose mass through Hawking radiation, and a supermassive one of these objects exists at the center of the Milky Way. For the point, names these astronomical bodies which have a gravitational singularity so strong that light cannot escape past their event horizon.
Black hole
These objects from precursor stars that exceed the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit. The Reissner-Nordstrom variety of these objects are non-rotating, and one of these objects is predicted to vanish, as described by Hawking radiation. For the point, name these regions of supermassive gravity from which light cannot escape.
Black hole
A method of killing microbes in food & liquid by heat, _________________ is named after chemist ___________________ who discovered it.
Louis Pasteur, Pasteurization
“This scientist helped disprove spontaneous generation by using a swan-necked flask filled with broth. This scientist developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax. He is best known for his work on heating wines which was extended into his namesake process which increases the shelf life of perishable foods by heating them up. For the point, name this French scientist who names a process of treating milk to remove microorganisms.”
Louis Pasteur, Pasteurization
