White Blood Cells/Leukocytes Flashcards
How does leukemia disrupt body systems?
weight loss, shortness of breath, weakness, joint pain, spleen/liver enlargement, easy bruising
What is a CBC?
complete blood count
What are the two groups of WBCs?
granulocytes and agranulocytes
What is the size of WBCs compared to RBCs?
WBCs are larger
What types of WBCs are granulocytes?
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
What types of WBCs are agranulocytes?
monocytes, lymphocytes
Why is the percentage of each type of WBC important?
can indicate diseases
What percentage of WBCs are neutrophils?
60%
What are neutrophils?
granulocytes, active phagocytes (eating cell), present in pus to clean/eat bacteria
What percentage of WBCs are eosinophils?
2%
What are eosinophils?
granulocytes, mainly attack parasites
What percentage of WBCs are basophils?
less than 1%
What are basophils?
granulocytes, produce heparin and histamines
What is heparin?
blood thinner
What are histamines?
important in inflammatory reaction, cause swelling & itching, antihistamines suppress it
What percentage of WBCs are monocytes?
8%
What are monocytes?
large cell w/ horse shoe shaped nucleus, can become macrophages or dendritic cells
What are dendritic cells?
consume pathogens, present in antigens on their surface to signal the immune system
What percentage of WBCs are lymphocytes?
30%
What are lymphocytes?
dark nucleus that takes up whole cell, immune system’s main defense, T + B cells, produce antibodies
What is the Epstein Barr Virus?
mono/kissing disease, mononucleosis is an increase in lymphocytes in the blood stream, saliva transmission
What is HIV?
weakens immune system by infecting specific immune cells (T cells), infection occurs from expose to bodily fluids
What is AIDs?
acquired immune deficiency syndrome, caused by HIV
What are the three phases of leukemia treatment?
remission induction, consolidation, maintenance
