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Grape Varieties > White > Flashcards

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1
Q

SAUVIGNON BLANC

Sancerre, France

A

Visual: pale straw, hints of green, moderate concentration, mod-mod+ viscosity

Nose: mod-mod+ intensity

Fruit: tart citrus (grapefruit, lemon, lime), tart tree (green apple, green pear), gooseberry, underripe stone (white peach), slight tropical (kiwi, passion fruit)

**Floral: **faint white flowers, citrus blossoms

Herbal/Green/Pyrazine: cut grass, green bell pepper, black curarnt bud, box tree, nettles, taragon

**Earth: **high minerality, wet stones, chalk, crushed rocks

**Oak: ** none or neutral oak casks

**Structure: ** dry, moderate body, high acidity, mod-mod+ alcohol

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2
Q

GEWURZTRAMINER

Alsace, France

A

**Visual: **yellow/gold, mod+-high concentration, mod+-high vicosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high heady intensity

**Fruit: **tropical (lynchee, pineapple, tropical fruit punch), ripe stone (peach jam, dried apricot), citrus (orange marmalade, grapefruit pith)

**Florals: ** roses, floral perfume

**Spices: **cinnamon, clove, gingerbread, musk, potpourri, exotic spices

Other: honey, bergamot oil, face lotion/perfumed hand soap

**Earth: ** mod-mod+ minerality

**Oak: **none or neutral

**Structure: **dry-off dry, mod+-full body, moderate acidity, mod+-high alcohol, phenolic bitterness

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3
Q

MUSCAT

Alsace, France

A

**Visual: **straw/yellow, mod-mod+concentration, mod+viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high heady intensity

**Fruit: ** ripe citrus (orange, tangerine) ripe tree (yellow pear), ripe stone (yellow peach, apricot), tropical (pineapple, mango), melon, grape

**Floral: **white, yellow, & red flowers, honeysuckle, rose, orange blossoms, lilacs, elderflower

**Herbal/Green: **slight vegatative note

**Spice: **musk, potpourri, cinnamon, licorice

**Earth: **mod-mod+ minerality, stony, button mushcroom, damp cellar

**Oak: **none or large neutral cask

**Structure: **dry, moderate body, mod-mod+ acidity, moderate plus alcohol, phenolic bitterness

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4
Q

CHARDONNAY

Cote de Beaune, Burgundy, France

A

**Visual: **straw/yellow-pale gold, mod-mod+ concentration, mod-mod+viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **mod-mod+ intensity

**Fruit: **tree fruits (green/yellow apples, pear, quince), citrus (lemon), melon, stone (white peach, yellow cherry)

**Sulphuric Note (especially in youth): **flint, burnt match, slight cabbage

**Oxidative Notes: **Almond, Hazelnut, Cheese Rind

**Malolactic Notes: **slight butter, creme fraiche/sour cream

**Floral: **white flowers, acacia, hawthorne, honeysuckle, apple blossoms

**Other: **slight spice, slight savory herbs

**Earth: **mod-high minerality, limestone, button mushroom

**Oak: **low-high use of new french, toffe, salted caramel, butterscothc, sweet baking spices, cinnamon, toast smoke

**Bottle Age Aromas: **truffle, honey, nut

**Structure: **dry, moderate-full body, mod+-high acidity, mod-mod+ alcohol

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5
Q

ALBARINO

Rias Baixas, Spain

A

**Visual: **pale straw, hints of green, mod- concentraion, slight residual gas (in youth)

**Aromas/Flavors: ** Moderate plus intensity

**Fruit: **ripe citrus (orange, meyer lemon, ruby red grapefruit), stone (white peach, peach pit, apricot, nectarine), green apple, melon

**Florals: ** white & yellow flowers, citrus & apple blossoms

**Other: **bubblegum, agave, slight beer yeast, leesy, saline

**Earth: ** moderate plus minerality

**Oak: ** none

**Structure: **dry, moderate body, moderate plus acidity, moderate alcohol

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6
Q

SAUVIGNON BLANC

Napa, California

A

**Visual: **straw, green flecks, moderate concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate plus intensity

**Fruit: **ripe citrus (ruby red grapefruit, lemon, mandarin orange, lime) tropical (passion fruit, guava, kiwi), ripe tree & stone (red apple, white peach, nectarine) melon

**Florals: **white flowers, citrus blossoms

**Herbal/Green/Pyrazines: **cut grass, celery, taragon, lemon grass

**Earth: ** low-mod minerality

**Oak: **none or low-mod use of new french taking on similar charatceristics of graves bordeaux blanc

**Structure: **dry, moderate plus body, mod+-high acidity, mod+-high alcohol

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7
Q

SAUVIGNON BLANC

Graves, Bordeaux, France

A

**Visual: **yellow/pale gold, hints of green, mod+ concentration, mod-mod+ viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate intensity

**Fruit: ** citrus (grapefruit, lemon), tropical (pineapple, passion fruit), tree (green fig, green/yellow apple), melon, stone (nectarine, peach, apricot)

**Floral: **honeysuckle, faint white flowers

**Herbal/Green/Pyrazine: **cut grass, celery seed/celery

**Earth: ** gravel, wet rocks

**Other: **beeswax, lanolin, cream soda, sunflower seed

**Oak: **mod-high (50%) new french, vanilla, toast

**Structure: **dry, mod-mod+ body, mod+-high acidity, mod-mod+ alcohol

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8
Q

GRUNER VELTLINER

Wachau Smaragd, Kremstal/Kamptal, Austria

A

**Visual: **straw, hints of green, mod-mod+ concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate plus intensity

**Fruit: **citrus (grapefruit, lemon, lime, orange), ripe stone (peach, apricot, yellow cherry, white plum) red/yellow apples, slight dried and/or tropical fruit character

**Floral: **white flowers

**Spice: **white pepper, wasabi, radish, lentils

**Herbal/Green: **slight chive, tarragon, sage

**Slight Oxidation: **blanched almond, nut

**Botryits: **slight ginger, honey, saffron

**Earth: **mod-high minerality, stony, granitic

**Other: **leesy, smoke

**Oak: **none or neutral large cask

**Structure: **dry, moderate plus body, moderate plus acidity, mod+-high alcohol

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9
Q

RIESLING

Mosel Kabinett, Germany

A

**Visual: **Brilliant/watery white, hints of green, low concentration, low viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high intensity

**Fruits: **tart tree (green apple, bosc pear, quince), citrus/citrus peel (lemon, lime, grapefruit), stone (white peach, white plum, nectarine), bluck currant

Sulphuric note: in youth

**Floral: **white florals, jasmine, fruit tree blossoms

**Other: **slight smoke, candlewax, panna cotta/meringue, slight petrol

**Earth: **high minerality, slate, crushed rock

**Oak: **none or large neutral cask

**Bottle Age Aromas: **honey, petrol, parrafin

**Structure: ** off dry, light body, high acidity, low alcohol

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10
Q

RIESLING

Clare/Eden Valley, South Australia

A

**Visual: **Pale straw, hints of green, moderate concentration, mod-mod+ viscosity

**Aromas/Flavor: **high intensity

**Fruit: **ripe citrus (lime, lime candy, lemon), stone (white peach, white nectarine), tart tree (green apple), slight tropical (passion fruit, guava)

**Sulphuric Note: **in youth

**Florals: **white flowers, purple flowers, roses, linden/lime blossoms

**Other: **slight spice, kerosene/petrol, margarita salt, fresh tennis ball

**Earth: **mod-mod+ minerality, slate, steely

**Oak: **none

**Structure: **bone dry-dry, mod-mod+ body, high acidity, mod-mod+alcohol

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11
Q

SEMILLON

Hunter Valley, New South Whales, Australia

A

**Visual: **straw/green, moderate minus concentration, moderate viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate plus intensity

**Fruit: **citrus (lemon, lemon marmalade), tart tree (green apple, green fig)

**Florals: **honeysuckle, lemon blossoms

**Herbal: **slight grassy, savory herb, hay

**Bottle Age Aromas: **honey, browned toast, creme brulee, umami

**Other: **waxy, candlewax, panna cotta

**Earth: **strong stony minerality

**Oak: ** none

**Structure: **dry, moderate minus body, high acidity, mod--mod alcohol

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12
Q

CHENIN BLANC

Savennieres, Anjou-Saumur, Loire Valley, France

A

**Visual: **pale yellow/gold, moderate plus concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate plus intensity

**Fruit: **tree (green/golden/oxidized apple, quince, yellow pear), citrus (tangerine, bergamot, lemon), dried apricot

**Oxidative Notes: **bruised/rotten apple, cider, bitter nut, almond/marzipan, pistachio, cheese rind/soft cheese

Floral: honeysuckle, jasmine, white flowers

Herbal:** **chamomile/herbal tea, medicinal notes, dandelion greens, wasabi, savory herbs, tree bark

**Botrytis (possible): **honey (age), saffron, ginger, marmalade

**Other: **wet wool, lanolin

**Earth: **mod+-high minerality, damp straw, schist, wet stones, white mushroom

**Oak: **none or neutral

Structure: dry, mod+-full body, high levels of extract, high acidity, mod+-high alcohol

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13
Q

CHENIN BLANC

Vourvray Sec/Demi-Sec, Touraine, Loire Valley, France

A

**Visual: **pale straw/straw, hints of green, moderate concentration, moderate viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **mod-mod+ intensity

**Fruit: **tree (oxidative/green/golden apple, quince, yellow pear), citrus (tangerine, orange, lemon), demi-sec (melon, tropical)

**Sulphuric Note: **in youth

**Oxidative Note: **slight bruised apple, bitter nut, almond, cheese rind/soft cheese

Florals: orange blossoms, jasmine, honeysuckle, fragrant white flowers

Herbal: chamomile/herbal tea, medicinal notes, dandelion greens, wasabi, savory herbs, tree bark

**Botrytis (possible): **honey (bottle age), ginger, marmalade

**Other: **wet wool, lanolin

Earth: mod+-high minerality, dam straw, limestone/tuffeau, wet stones, white mushroom

**Oak: **none or neutral

**Stucture: **dry-off dry, moderate body, high acidity, mod--mod alcohol

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14
Q

TORONTES

Salta, Argentina

A

**Visual: **yellow, hints of green, moderate plus concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high intensity

Fruit: synthetic grape, tropical (pineapple, guava, papaya), ripe citrus (orange, meyer lemon), ripe stone (peach), melon

Floral: highly floral, perfumed orange blossoms, roses, geraniums, jasmine

**Other: **hand lotion/soapy, potpourri, slight musk spice

**Earth: **low-moderate minerality

**Oak: **none

**Structure: **dry, moderate plus body, moderate plus acidity, mod+-high alcohol, phenolic bitterness

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15
Q

VIOGNIER

California

A

Visual: yellow/pale gold, mod+-high concentration, high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high intensity

**Fruit: **ripe stone (apricot, peach), ripe citrus (mandarin orange, ruby red grapefruit, tangerine), ripe tropical (pineapple, mango) fruit cocktail

**Floral: **honeysuckle, rose

**Spice: **potpourri, sweet spices, vanilla, cardamom, gingerbread

**Malolactic (not always present): **creme fraiche, yogurt, butter

**Earth: **low-moderate minerality

**Other: **Oily, sweetened cereal grains (fruit loops)

**Oak: **none, neutral, low-moderate (30%) use of new french

**Structure: **dry-off dry, full body, low-moderate acidity, high alcohol, phenolic bitterness

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16
Q

PINOT GRIS

Alsace, France

A

**Visual: **yellow/pale gold, slight copper/pink tones, mod-mod+ concentration, moderate plus viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **mod-mod+ intensity

**Fruits: **stone (apricot, yellow peach), candied citrus (meyer lemon, orange) ripe tree (baked apple, quince), tropical (pineapple), banana, banana peel

**Floral: ** faint white flowers, apple blossoms, honeysuckle

Spice: exotic spices, musk, cinnamon

**Botrytis: **honey, ginger

**Other: **beeswax, damp cellar, nutty, bitter almond

Earth: moderate-high minerality, mushroom, forest floor

**Oak: **large neutral oak casks

**Strucutre: **dry-medium sweet, moderate plus body, mod-mod+acidity, moderate plus alcohol, phenolic bitterness

17
Q

RIESLING

Rheingau Spatlese, Germany

A

**Visual: **star bright, straw, hints of green and pale gold, moderate concentration, moderate viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: ** high intensity

**Fruits: **ripe tree (yellow apple, pear, quince), fresh citrus, citrus peel (grapefruit, orange, meyer lemon) stone (nectarine, white peach, apricot, cherry) melon

**Sulphuric Note: **in youth

**Floral: **white flowers, wild flowers, oneysuckle, jasmine, fruit tree blossoms

**Botrytis: **ginger, honey, saffron

**Slight/Herbal/Spice: **lemon grass

**Other: **slight smoke, candlewax, panna cott/meringue, slight petrol

**Earth: **high minerality, granite, slate, crushed rock

**Oak: **none or large neutral cask

**Bottle Age Aromas: **honey, petrol, parrafin, herbs (marjorim, spearmint)

**Structure: **off dry-medium sweet, moderate minus body, high acidity, moderate minus alcohol

18
Q

GRUNER VELTLINER

Wachau Federspiel, Kremstal/Kamptal

A

**Visual: **pale straw, hints of green, moderate minus concentration, slight gas (in youth), moderate viscosity

**Floral: **white flowers

**Spice: **white pepper, wasabi, peppery greens (arugula, watercress), radish, lentils

**Herbal/Green: **sugar snap peas, crisp green veg, celery, taragon, chive/chive blossom

**Botrytis: **none

**Earth: **high minerality, stony, granitic

**Other: **leesy, smoke

**Oak: **none

**Structure: **dry, moderate body, moderate plus acidity, moderate alcohol

19
Q

VIOGNIER

Condrieu, France

A

**Visual: **yellow/pale gold, moderate plus concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high intensity

**Fruit: **ripe/lush stone (apricot, peach, peach pit), ripe citrus (mandarin orange, ruby red grapefruit) tropical (mango, persimmon) fruit cocktail

**Floral: **honeysuckle, jasmine, orange blossoms, rose

**Spice: **cinnamon, musk, potpourri, candied citrus peel, anise, gingerbread

**Malolactic (not always present): **creme fraiche, yogurt, butter

**Earth: **mod-mod+ minerality, stony, granitic

**Oak: **none/neutral or low-mod (30%) use of new french

**Structure: **dry (may of slight rs), mod+-full body, mod--mod acidity, mod+-high alcohol, phenolic bitterness

20
Q

MELON DE BOURGOGNE

Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine, Pays Nantais, Loire Valley, France

A

**Visual: **Watery/pale straw, hints of green, low-mod-concentration, gas (in youth), moderate viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **mod--moderate intensity

Fruit: tart citrus (lemon, lime) tart tree (green apple, green pear), underripe stone (white peach, nectarine)

**Floral: **faint white flowers

**Herbal/Root: **dandelion greens, nettles, savory herbs, peppery greens, turnip/root veg

**Sur Lie: **leesy, yeast, sourdough, sour beer, slight cream

**Earth: **high minerality, saline brine, sea salt, wet stones

**Oak: **none

**Structure: **bone dry-dry, mod--moderate body, high acidity, moderate alcohol

21
Q

MARSANNE

Crozes-Hermitage Blanc, Northern Rhone

A

**Visual: **yellow, hints of gold & green, mod+-high concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate plus intensity

Fruit: ripe stone (apricot, apricot kernel, white peach, white plum), ripe tree (quince, pear, baked apple), melon, orange marmalade, citron/lemon oil

**Oxidation Notes: **almond/marzipan, hazelnut

**Malolactic Notes: **butter, cream

Floral: white flowers, honeysuckle, acacia

Herbal/Green: green olive, thyme, pine

**Spice: **cinnamon, musk

**Other: **beeswax, honey, parsnip, root beer

**Earth: **mod-high minerality, granitic, stony

**Oak: **neutral-low use new french oak, vanilla pod,toast, smoke, baking spices

**Structure: **dry, mod+-full body, mod-mod+ acidity, mod+-high alcohol, phenolic bitterness

22
Q

RIESLING

Alsace, France

A

**Visual: **yellow/gold, hints of green, moderate plus concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high intensity

**Fruit: **ripe/cooked tree (yellow apple, baked pear, quince), citrus (lemon, cintronella, grapefruit), stone (yellow peach, stewed apricot), tropical (pineapple), banana, banana peel

**Sulphuric Note: **in youth

**Floral: **white flowers, honeysuckle, jasmine

**Botrytis: **ginger, honey, saffron

**Spice: **cardamom, anise, fennel

**Other: **Smoke, candlewax, slight petrol

**Earth: **high minerality, white mushroom

**Oak: **none or large neutral casks

Bottle Age Aromas: honey, petrol, parrafin, marzipan, browned toast

**Structure: **dry, mod-mod+ body, high acidity, mod+-high alcohol

23
Q

CHARDONNAY

Chablis, Burgundy, France

A

**Visual: **pale straw-straw, hints of green, moderate concentration, mod-mod+ viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate intensity

Fruit: tart/just ripe tree (green apple, yellow apple, green pear), citrus (lemon)

**Sulphuric Note: **in youth

Oxidative Notes (if neutral barrels): hazelnut, almond, cheese rind

**Floral: **faint white, apple blossoms, hawthorne, acacia

**Earth: **high minerality, stony, chalk, saline/seaspray, oyster shell, button mushroom

Oak: none or neutral barrle

**Structure: **bone dry-dry, mod-mod+ body, mod+-high acidity, mod-mod+ alcohol

24
Q

SAUVIGNON BLANC

Marlborough, New Zealand

A

**Visual: **pale straw, hints of green, moderate concentration, mod-mod+ viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **high intensity

**Fruit: **citrus (grapefruit, lemon, lime) melon, gooseberry, tropical (passion fruit, guava, pineapple)

Floral: faint white flowers, citrus blossoms

**Herbal/Green/Pyrazine: **cut grass, asparagus, canned peas, green bell pepper, jalapeno, black currant bud, rhubarb

**Earth: **low-moderate minerality, wet sand, chalk

**Oak: ** none

**Structure: **dry, moderate body, high acidity, mod-mod+ alcohol

25
Q

CHARDONNAY

California (oak driven)

A

**Visual: **yellow/pale gold, moderate plus concentration, mod+-high viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **mod-mod+intensity

**Fruit: **ripe tree (yellow apple, baked pear), ripe citrus (meyer lemon), ripe apricot, tropical (ripe pineapple, mango), melon

**Floral: **white flowers, apple blossoms, honeysuckle

**Oxidative Notes: **hazelnut, almond

**Malolactic Notes: **butter, yogurt, creme fraiche/sour cream,

**Other: **sweet/canned corn

**Earth: **low minerality, slight limestone

**Oak: **moderate-high use of new french, toffee, salted caramel, butterscotch, sweet baking spices, vanilla, pie crust, toast

**Structure: **dry (may have slight rs), mod+-full body, moderate acidity, mod+-high alcohol

26
Q

PINOT GRIGIO

Italy

A

**Visual: **pale straw, hints of green, slight copper/pink tones, moderate concentration, moderate viscosity

**Aromas/Flavors: **moderate intensity

**Fruit: **white and yellow flowers

**Herbal: **watercress/arugula

**Other: **peanut shell, lager yeast/stale beer

Earth: mod-mod+ minerality, stone, chalk, ashen notes, saline

Oak: none

**Structure: **dry, moderate body, moderate plus acidity, moderate alcohol, slight phenolic bitterness

27
Q
A

Grape Varieties (2 decks)

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