Whiskey Production & History Flashcards
EU for the vessel used for mixing ground malt with hot water
Mash tun/Lauter tun
The stage where germination of the grain is stopped
Kilning
The sugary liquid that drained away from the ground grain
Wort
In Scotland, this process may occur in a washback
Fermentation
In this stage of production, enzymes complete the starch conversion process
Mashing
Type of sugar that is produces when grain is soaked in water
Maltose
If used to produce whiskey, water that contains high levels of this mineral can give the spirit a black hue
Iron
The list of ingredients that will be fermented for a particular type of whiskey
Grain Bill or Mash Bill
Mineral found in soft water
Sodium
Stage of whisky production during which grain is soaked in water
Malting
Term used for roasted, ground grain
Grist
Term used for fermented liquid that is ready to be distilled
Wash
Term used for malted barley or grain
Green Malt
In the US, this vessel may be used for mixing ground malt with hot water
Mash Cooker
Which grain is considered to be the best source of enzymes that will help to convert starch to sugar?
Barley
Which American statesman created the Bottled-in-Bond Act of 1897?
E.H. Taylor
What are the 4 primary grains used in the production of whisky?
Barley, Corn, Rye, Wheat
Name the enzymes that are released during the malting process
Alpha amylase and beta amylase
According the the US Standards of Identity, whisky must be distilled at less than _______abv
95%
According to EU laws, European whisky must be distilled at less than _______abv
94.8%
Aging requirement for US whiskey
No specific time requirement, but must be ‘stored in oak’
According to the TTB, an age statement is required on the label of any whiskey less than how old?
4 years
Aging requirement for EU whiskey
minimum 3 years in wooden casks not exceeding 700L
Minimum bottling ABV for US whiskey
40%/80 Proof
Minimum bottling ABV for EU whiskey
40%/80 Proof
Required mash bill for Bourbon
minimum 51% corn
Maximum allowed distillation ABV for Bourbon
80%/160 Proof
Oak storage requirement for Bourbon
Stored at no more than 125 proof in charred, new American oak
Required mash bill for US corn whiskey
minimum 80% corn
What are the 5 basic steps of whiskey production?
- Mash/Wort Preparation
- Fermentation
- Distillation
- Maturation
- Blending and Bottling
Grinding the roasted malt into grist
Milling
Mixing the ground grains with hot water to initiate saccharification
Mashing
Vessels used in the mashing stage
Mash cooker/Mash tun
Draining the sugary liquid from the ground grain particles
Washing
Term sometimes used for the final stages of washing
Sparging
What is hard water?
Contains minerals such as magnesium, calcium, phosphates
What is soft water?
Contains only sodium
Large, closed containers used for fermentation in Scotland
Washbacks
Name the still used for the first distillation in batch distillation, and what it produces
Wash still or Beer still, low wines
Name the still used for the second distillation in batch distillation, and what it produces
Spirit still; high wines or new-make spirit
Piece of equipment used to sample, measure, and classify new-make spirits
Spirit Safe
Name the styles of whiskey as pertains to the practice of blending
- blended
- single barrel
- barrel-proof or cask-strength
