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Honors World Studies > WHII.6d, 7, 8 Test Review > Flashcards

WHII.6d, 7, 8 Test Review Flashcards

0
Q

What made up the first estate?

A

Clergies

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1
Q

What event sparked the beginning of the French Revolution?

A

-Storming of the Bastille

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3
Q

What was the French Revolution fueled by?

A

Ideals of Enlightenment

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4
Q

Which social classes had most of the power in France prior to the Revolution?

A

The first and second estates.

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5
Q

What made up the third estate?

A

95% of the middle class

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6
Q

List four causes of the French Revolution:

A
  • Spread of enlightenment ideas
  • Huge government debt/ weak economy
  • Influence of American Revolution
  • Formation of National Assembly
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8
Q

The French Revolution led to the rise of which leader?

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

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9
Q

What was the Reign of Terror? Who was this led by?

A

Period Of the Revolution from September 1793- 28 July 1794 when those who resisted the French Revolution were arrested and executed.
Led by Committee of Public Safety

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10
Q

Which French King was executed during the French Revolution?

A

Louis XVI (16th)

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11
Q

What was the major lasting legacy of Napoleon Bonaparte in France?

A

Napoleonic Code

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12
Q

List four characteristics of the Latin American colonial system:

A
  • Colonial government imitated styles of government from mother country.
  • Catholicism
  • Mining of precious metals for trade
  • Major cities were established as outpost.
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13
Q

Which Revolutionary leader helped to liberate northern Latin America, including Venezuela, Columbia, and Bolivia?

A

Simón Bolívar

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14
Q

When did each of the following gain their independence:

  • France
  • Haiti
  • Mexico
  • Brazil
A
  • France: 1789
  • Haiti: 1791 to 1804 (slave revolt)
  • Mexico: 1821
  • Brazil: 1822
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15
Q

Which group of people would be at the top of the social class pyramid in Latin American Colonies?

A

Viceroys

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16
Q

From which European nation did Haiti gain independence?

A

France

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17
Q

The revolutions in which two nations helped influence those of Haiti and other Latin American countries?

A

French and American

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18
Q

Which revolutionary leader helped to bring out independence for Mexico from Spain?

A

Miguel Hidalgo

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19
Q

Wat former slave that led the rebellion in Haiti?

A

Toussant L’ouverture (he’s a mulatto)

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20
Q

What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?

A

The purpose of the Monroe Doctrine was to discourage European intervention in the Western Hemisphere.
No colonizing in Americas

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21
Q

List three major accomplishments of the Congress of Vienna:

A
  • Establish a balance of power doctrine
  • Restoring the monarchies that were removed by Napoleon
  • Creating a new political map of Europe to maintain balance
22
Q

During the 19th century liberals typically wanted governments to be based on what?

A
  • Elected parliament, spoke out against divine right

- Written constitution

23
Q

During the 19th century, conservatives typically wanted what type of governments?

A

Wanted to keep the traditional monarchies of Europe.

24
Q

The unsuccessful revolutions increased what sentiment among the various peoples of Europe?

A

Nationalism

25
Q

Which European nation expanded political rights through legislative means rather than revolution and was the first to abolish the slave trade?

A

England (Great Britain)

26
Q

Who helped unify Italy by joining southern Italy with northern Italy?

A

Giuseppe Garibaldi

27
Q

Which area, (including Rome) was the last to unify with Italy?

A

Papal States

28
Q

Which war helped unify Germany as a nation state?

A

Franco-Prussian War

29
Q

Which German leader believed in realpolitik, and would have been most likely to make the following statement:
“The great questions of the day will not be settled by means of speeches & majority decisions, but by blood & iron.”

A

Otto Von Bismark

30
Q

Define REALPOLITIK.

A

Realistic politics based on the need of the state & justifies any means to achieve & hold power.

31
Q

Which Enlightenment thinker wrote Leviathan, and would have been most likely to make the following statement:
“Life in the ‘state of nature’- without laws or other control- is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”

A

Thomas Hobbs

32
Q

Which Enlightenment thinker believed in the idea of separation of powers? What book did he write?

A

Baron de Montesque, “Spirit of Laws”

33
Q

Describe the French economy at the start of the Revolution:

A
  • Deepening financial crisis

- Verge of bankruptcy

34
Q

What made up the second estate?

A

Nobels

35
Q

Match the capital with the country:

  • Brazil
  • Mexico
  • Cuba
  • Peru
  • Argentena
A
  • Brazil~ São Paulo
  • Mexico~ México City
  • Cuba~ Havana
  • Perú~ Lima
  • Argentina~ Buenos Aires
36
Q

The French revolted because…

A

Of a recession, poor harvest, & demand for wider right to vote.

37
Q

Why did the revolutions fail?

A

The rulers of the military force revolutionaries did not have mass support.

38
Q

Correctly match the ideals of the Italian Nationalist Movement:

  • Mazzini:
  • Count Cavour:
  • Garibaldi:
A
  • Mazzini: an intellectual
  • Count Cavour: a statesman
  • Garibaldi: a fighter
39
Q

When was Italian unification complete?

A

1870

40
Q

After the Franco-Prussian war and France was defeated, what was “born” in Germany?

A

The Second Reich

41
Q

Who becomes the Kaiser of Germany and who becomes the Chancellor?

A

William 1 of Prussia- Kaiser

Bismark- Chancellor

42
Q

What is conservatism?

A
  • Usually wealthy property owners & nobility

- Wanted to protect the traditional monarchies of Europe

43
Q

What king and queen were executed?

A

King Louis XVI

Queen Marie Antoinette

44
Q

What stated that “men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded upon general good” and who created it?

A

The “Declaration of Rights of Man of the Citizen” created by the National Assembly.

45
Q

What enlightenment leader believed people are “noble and sovereign” and consistent to be governed for protection of natural rights? And what did he write!

A

John Locke who wrote “Two Treaties on Government”

46
Q

What enlightenment leader wrote “The Social Contract” and stated “Force does not constitute right… Obedience is due only to legitimate powers.”?

A

Jean-Jaques Rousseau

47
Q

What enlightenment leader believed in religious tolerance should triumph over religious fanaticism, separation of church and state, freedom of speech and said “I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to death your right to say it.”

A

Voltaire who wrote “The Candidate”

48
Q

Effects of enlightenment:

A
  • Applied reason to human world
  • Stimulates religious tolerance
  • Fueled democratic revolution around the world
49
Q

The enlightenment believed human progress possible through application of…

A

Scientific knowledge reason to issues of laws and government.

Honors World Studies (1 decks)

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