WHII.6d, 7, 8 Test Review

Question 0

What made up the first estate?

Answer 0

Clergies

Question 1

What event sparked the beginning of the French Revolution?

Answer 1

-Storming of the Bastille

Question 3

What was the French Revolution fueled by?

Answer 3

Ideals of Enlightenment

Question 4

Which social classes had most of the power in France prior to the Revolution?

Answer 4

The first and second estates.

Question 5

What made up the third estate?

Answer 5

95% of the middle class

Question 6

List four causes of the French Revolution:

Answer 6

• Spread of enlightenment ideas
• Huge government debt/ weak economy
• Influence of American Revolution
• Formation of National Assembly

Question 8

The French Revolution led to the rise of which leader?

Answer 8

Napoleon Bonaparte

Question 9

What was the Reign of Terror? Who was this led by?

Answer 9

Period Of the Revolution from September 1793- 28 July 1794 when those who resisted the French Revolution were arrested and executed.
Led by Committee of Public Safety

Question 10

Which French King was executed during the French Revolution?

Answer 10

Louis XVI (16th)

Question 11

What was the major lasting legacy of Napoleon Bonaparte in France?

Answer 11

Napoleonic Code

Question 12

List four characteristics of the Latin American colonial system:

Answer 12

• Colonial government imitated styles of government from mother country.
• Catholicism
• Mining of precious metals for trade
• Major cities were established as outpost.

Question 13

Which Revolutionary leader helped to liberate northern Latin America, including Venezuela, Columbia, and Bolivia?

Answer 13

Simón Bolívar

Question 14

When did each of the following gain their independence:

• France
• Haiti
• Mexico
• Brazil

Answer 14

• France: 1789
• Haiti: 1791 to 1804 (slave revolt)
• Mexico: 1821
• Brazil: 1822

Question 15

Which group of people would be at the top of the social class pyramid in Latin American Colonies?

Answer 15

Viceroys

Question 16

From which European nation did Haiti gain independence?

Answer 16

France

Question 17

The revolutions in which two nations helped influence those of Haiti and other Latin American countries?

Answer 17

French and American

Question 18

Which revolutionary leader helped to bring out independence for Mexico from Spain?

Answer 18

Miguel Hidalgo

Question 19

Wat former slave that led the rebellion in Haiti?

Answer 19

Toussant L’ouverture (he’s a mulatto)

Question 20

What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer 20

The purpose of the Monroe Doctrine was to discourage European intervention in the Western Hemisphere.
No colonizing in Americas

Question 21

List three major accomplishments of the Congress of Vienna:

Answer 21

• Establish a balance of power doctrine
• Restoring the monarchies that were removed by Napoleon
• Creating a new political map of Europe to maintain balance

Question 22

During the 19th century liberals typically wanted governments to be based on what?

Answer 22

• Elected parliament, spoke out against divine right

- Written constitution

Question 23

During the 19th century, conservatives typically wanted what type of governments?

Answer 23

Wanted to keep the traditional monarchies of Europe.

Question 24

The unsuccessful revolutions increased what sentiment among the various peoples of Europe?

Answer 24

Nationalism

Question 25

Which European nation expanded political rights through legislative means rather than revolution and was the first to abolish the slave trade?

Answer 25

England (Great Britain)

Question 26

Who helped unify Italy by joining southern Italy with northern Italy?

Answer 26

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Question 27

Which area, (including Rome) was the last to unify with Italy?

Answer 27

Papal States

Question 28

Which war helped unify Germany as a nation state?

Answer 28

Franco-Prussian War

Question 29

Which German leader believed in realpolitik, and would have been most likely to make the following statement: "The great questions of the day will not be settled by means of speeches & majority decisions, but by blood & iron."

Answer 29

Otto Von Bismark

Question 30

Define REALPOLITIK.

Answer 30

Realistic politics based on the need of the state & justifies any means to achieve & hold power.

Question 31

Which Enlightenment thinker wrote Leviathan, and would have been most likely to make the following statement: "Life in the 'state of nature'- without laws or other control- is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short."

Answer 31

Thomas Hobbs

Question 32

Which Enlightenment thinker believed in the idea of separation of powers? What book did he write?

Answer 32

Baron de Montesque, "Spirit of Laws"

Question 33

Describe the French economy at the start of the Revolution:

Answer 33

- Deepening financial crisis | - Verge of bankruptcy

Question 34

What made up the second estate?

Answer 34

Nobels

Question 35

Match the capital with the country: - Brazil - Mexico - Cuba - Peru - Argentena

Answer 35

- Brazil~ São Paulo - Mexico~ México City - Cuba~ Havana - Perú~ Lima - Argentina~ Buenos Aires

Question 36

The French revolted because...

Answer 36

Of a recession, poor harvest, & demand for wider right to vote.

Question 37

Why did the revolutions fail?

Answer 37

The rulers of the military force revolutionaries did not have mass support.

Question 38

Correctly match the ideals of the Italian Nationalist Movement: - Mazzini: - Count Cavour: - Garibaldi:

Answer 38

- Mazzini: an intellectual - Count Cavour: a statesman - Garibaldi: a fighter

Question 39

When was Italian unification complete?

Answer 39

1870

Question 40

After the Franco-Prussian war and France was defeated, what was "born" in Germany?

Answer 40

The Second Reich

Question 41

Who becomes the Kaiser of Germany and who becomes the Chancellor?

Answer 41

William 1 of Prussia- Kaiser | Bismark- Chancellor

Question 42

What is conservatism?

Answer 42

- Usually wealthy property owners & nobility | - Wanted to protect the traditional monarchies of Europe

Question 43

What king and queen were executed?

Answer 43

King Louis XVI | Queen Marie Antoinette

Question 44

What stated that "men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded upon general good" and who created it?

Answer 44

The "Declaration of Rights of Man of the Citizen" created by the National Assembly.

Question 45

What enlightenment leader believed people are "noble and sovereign" and consistent to be governed for protection of natural rights? And what did he write!

Answer 45

John Locke who wrote "Two Treaties on Government"

Question 46

What enlightenment leader wrote "The Social Contract" and stated "Force does not constitute right... Obedience is due only to legitimate powers."?

Answer 46

Jean-Jaques Rousseau

Question 47

What enlightenment leader believed in religious tolerance should triumph over religious fanaticism, separation of church and state, freedom of speech and said "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to death your right to say it."

Answer 47

Voltaire who wrote "The Candidate"

Question 48

Effects of enlightenment:

Answer 48

- Applied reason to human world - Stimulates religious tolerance - Fueled democratic revolution around the world

Question 49

The enlightenment believed human progress possible through application of...

Answer 49

Scientific knowledge reason to issues of laws and government.