When atoms get together Flashcards
What are molecules?
It’s when 2 or more atoms, (the same or different) combine.
Elements combine to make ________.
Compounds.
Show 2H2+O2=2H2O
O=Hydrogen
o=oxygen
OO+ oo=OoO
OO OoO
Compounds are made of atoms held together by what?
Chemical Bonds.
What quest are atoms on?
They all want to be like noble gases.
Why do atoms want to be like noble gases?
To feel full, so they will lose or gain electrons
What is the Octet rule?
2,8,8,2
What is a duet rule?
They only need 2 electrons to be complete.
What 2 atoms follow the duet rule?
Hydrogen and helium.
What are ionic bonds?
Bonds that form with metals and non metals, (usually)/elements from the opposite sides of the staircase.
Anion=____ _____ _____
Negative charged ion
Cation=____ ____ ____
Positive charged ion
What will determine if an atom will lose or gain some electrons? and explain the exception.
What’s easier to do will determine it. But group 4 is in the middle so it can do both give and receive 4, depending on what’s around.
Ionic bonds have a saying, what is it?
“Opposites attract”
Positive ionic bonds are the result of _____ ______ attracting each other as electrons are “swapped”.
Electrostatic charges.
What does dissociate mean?
Break up.
What type of bonds dissociate in water?
Positive ionic bonds
Why do positive ionic bonds make for excellent electrolytes?
Because they break up in water, (they conduct electricity)
What are polyatomic ions?
2 or more chemically bonded atoms that have become electrically charged.
Common Polyatomic Ions: (NH4)+
Ammonium
Common Polyatomic Ions: (CO3)2-
Carbonate
Common Polyatomic Ions: (OH)-
Hydroxide
Common Polyatomic Ions: (NO3)-
Nitrate
Common Polyatomic Ions: (PO4)3-
Phosphate
Common Polyatomic Ions: (SO4)2-
Sulphate
What is the acroym for polyatomic ions?
Nick the Camel Ate a Pheonix for Supper
For ex =Nitrate
Nick=NO3 Nick so:(NO3)-
For ex=Phosphate
Pheonix=PO4 Pheonix so:(PO4)3-
What are covalent bonds?
The atoms need each other, (true relationship)
How do covalent bonds get their octet?
It works by sharing some of their valence electrons instead of giving them up.
What type of bond is it if the atoms are on the same side of the stair case?
Covalent bond.
What type of bond is it if the atoms are on opposite sides of the stair case?
Ionic bond.
