When Anatomy and Physiology Collide...

Question 1

What are the sub-disciplines of physiology?

Answer 1

Neurophysiology
Endocrinology
Cardiovascular Physiology
Immunology
Respiratory Physiology
Renal Physiology

Question 2

What are some features of epithelial tissue?

Answer 2

For covering and lining.
Included glandular tissue.
Can protect, absorb, secrete and filtrate.

Question 3

What are some features of connective tissue?

Answer 3

Support.
Most abundant tissue.
Protect, support and bind.

Question 4

What are some features of nervous tissue?

Answer 4

For controlling the body.

Receive and conduct electrochemical signals.

Question 5

What are some features of muscle tissue?

Answer 5

For movement.
Contract to help movement.
Skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle.

Question 6

Name some organ systems and their functions.

Answer 6

• Integumentary - Protect, insulate and cushion.
• Skeletal - Body protection and motion.
• Muscular - Muscles contract for movement.
• Nervous - Control and communication.
• Endocrine - Co-ordinates cellular activity.
• Cardiovascular - Transport oxygen, nutrients etc. around the body.
• Lymphatic - Fluid transport, disease resistance.
• Respiratory - Exchange gas, supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
• Digestive - Fuels body from material.

Question 7

Name some necessary life functions.

Answer 7

Maintaining boundaries.
Movement.
Response.
Digestion.
Metabolism. 
Excretion.
Reproduction.
Growth.

Question 8

What is the anatomical position?

Answer 8

Head, body, palms and feet facing forward.

Question 9

What does the medial plane separate?

Answer 9

The left and right hand side of the body.

Question 10

What does the frontal plane separate?

Answer 10

The anterior and posterior of the body.

Question 11

What does the horizontal plane separate?

Answer 11

The superior and inferior of the body.

Question 12

What is the sagittal plane?

Answer 12

Any plane parallel to the median.

Question 13

What does medial mean?

Answer 13

Towards the medial plane.

Question 14

What does lateral mean?

Answer 14

Away from the medial plane.

Question 15

What does anterior mean?

Answer 15

The front of the body. (ventral)

Question 16

What does posterior mean?

Answer 16

The back of the body. (dorsal)

Question 17

What does superior mean?

Answer 17

Towards head. (cephalic)

Question 18

What does inferior mean?

Answer 18

Towards feet. (caudal)

Question 19

What does superficial mean?

Answer 19

On the surface.

Question 20

What does deep mean?

Answer 20

Centre of the body.

Question 21

What does proximal mean?

Answer 21

Near the origin of attachment.

Question 22

What does distal mean?

Answer 22

Away from the origin of attachment.

Question 23

What do flexion and extension mean?

Answer 23

Flexion - Decrease angle with frontal plane.

Extension - Increase angle with frontal plane.

Question 24

What do abduction and adduction mean?

Answer 24

Abduction- Moving away from sagittal plane.

Adduction - Moving toward sagittal plane.

Question 25

What do protraction and retraction mean?

Answer 25

Protraction- Moving forward along a surface.

Retraction- Moving back along a surface.

Question 26

What do elevation and depression mean?

Answer 26

Elevation- Raising a structure.

Depression- Lowering a structure.

Question 27

What do medial and lateral rotation mean?

Answer 27

Movement around the axis of a bone.

Question 28

What do pronation and supination mean?

Answer 28

Moving palm back and forward.

Question 29

What does circumduction mean?

Answer 29

A combination of other movements e.g. flexion and supination.

Question 30

What does opposition mean?

Answer 30

Pinching your fingertip and thumb together.