Wheelock Chapter 1 Flashcards
IN LATIN, THERE IS A PART OF THE WORD THAT STAYS THE SAME. WHAT IS THIS PART CALLED?
The part of a Latin word that stays the same is called a stem.
WHAT IS THE 1st PERSON SINGULAR PERSONAL ENDING?
-O (write with macron over it)
WHAT IS THE 2nd PERSON SINGULAR PERSONAL ENDING?
-S
WHAT IS THE 3rd PERSON SINGULAR PERSONAL ENDING?
-T
WHAT DOES THE CONJUGATION -O REPLACE IN ENGLISH?
The word “I”. EXAMPLE: the Latin stem mone (macron on e) translates to advise or warn. Therefore “moneo” (with macron on O) translated to English would be “I advise/warn”.
WHAT DOES THE CONJUGATION -S REPLACE IN ENGLISH?
The word “you”. EXAMPLE: the Latin stem mone (macron on e) translates to advise or warn. Therefore “mones” translates to “you advise/warn OR advise/warn you)
WHAT DOES THE CONJUNCTION -T REPLACE IN ENGLISH?
He/she/it. EXAMPLE: the Latin stem mone (macron on e) translates to advise or warn. Therefore “monet” (no macrons) translates to he/she advises/warns OR advise/warn he/she.
WHAT IS THE FIRST PERSON PLURAL PERSONAL ENDING?
-mus
WHAT IS THE SECOND PERSON PLURAL PERSONAL ENDING?
-tis
WHAT IS THE THIRD PERSON PLURAL PERSONAL ENDING?
-nt
WHAT DOES THE CONJUGATION -MUS REPLACE IN ENGLISH?
“We”. EXAMPLE: the Latin stem debe (macrons on both e’s) means owe or ought. Therefore debemus translates to “we owe/ought”.
WHAT DOES -TIS MEAN?
“You”. Debe is the stem (macrons on both e’s) meaning owe or ought. Translation is debetis meaning “you owe/ought”.
WHAT DOES -NT MEAN?
“They”. The stem debe (macrons on both e’s) means owe or ought. The translation is debent (macron only on first e) meaning they owe/ought.
WHEN IS THERE NO MACRON ON THE -E OF A STEM VOWEL?
There is no macron on the -e of the stem vowel when the personal endings are -O(macron on top) -T or -NT.
WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF THE LATIN IMPERATIVE?
A command.
WHAT IS THE ENDING FOR THE SINGULAR IMPERATIVE?
There is no ending. Only the stem is used.
WHAT IS THE ENDING FOR THE PLURAL IMPERATIVE?
Ending is -TE. (Stem + te)
WHEN DO YOU REMOVE THE -A (with or without macron) AFTER THE PERSONAL ENDING IS APPLIED?
You remove the -a (with or without macron) when the personal ending -O (with macron) is added. This is because in the -a and -o sound similar so Latin has simplified the sound by removing the -a and leaving the -O (with macron) ending . EXAMPLE: ama (macron on a) is the stem for the word love. With the first person singular ending of -O (macron) the word could be amao (macron on a and o), but it is actually amo (macron on O).
WHAT IS THE STEM ENDING FOR FIRST CONJUGATION?
-a (with macron)
WHAT IS THE STEM ENDING FOR THE SECOND CONJUGATION?
-e (with macron)
WHAT IS THE STEM ENDING OF A THIRD CONJUGATION?
-e (no macron)
WHAT IS THE STEM ENDING FOR THR FOURTH CONJUGATION?
-i (with macron)
PRESENT ACTIVE INFINITIVE ENDING?
-re
SINGULAR NOMINATIVE CASE ENDING
-a
