WHATS OPERATIONS RESEARCH Flashcards
Where were the first formal activities of Operations Research (OR) initiated in?
England, during world war II.
Are designed to optimize a specific
objective criterion subject to a set of constraints.
Operations Research Models.
A solution is feasible if it …
Satisfies all the constraints.
Are designed to optimize a specific objective criterion subject to a set of constraints, the quality of the resulting solution depends on the degree of completeness of the model in representing the real system.
Though Operation Research Models.
It is designed for models with linear objective and constraints functions.
Linear programming.
The variables assume integer values here.
Integer programming.
The original model can be decomposed into smaller
more manageable subproblems here.
Dynamic programming.
The problem can be modelled as a network
Network programming.
Functions of the model are nonlinear here.
Nonlinear programming.
The most prominent Operation Research technique is…
Linear Programming.
In Operation Research techniques solutions
are not generally obtained in (formula-like) closed forms, they are determined by…
Algorithms.
Provides fixed computational rules that are applied
repetitively to the problem, with each repetition (called iteration)
attempting to move the solution closer to the optimum.
Algorithms.
These deal with the study of waiting lines. They are
not optimization techniques
Queuing and simulation.
Queuing models utilize probability and stochastic models to:
Analyse
waiting lines, and simulation estimates the measures of performance
by “imitating” the behavior of the real system.
The model expresses in an amenable manner the mathematical
functions that represent the behavior of the assumed real world.
Art of Modeling.
Phases of an Operation Research study.
- Definition of the problem.
- Construction of the model.
- Solution of the model.
- Validation of the model.
- Implementation of the solution.
Involves delineating the scope of the problem under investigation.
This function should be carried out by the entire Operation Research team. The aim is
to identify three principal elements of the decision problem.
Problem definition
Entails an attempt to translate the problem definition into mathematical relationships.
Model construction.
Is by far the simplest of all Operation Research phases because it entails the use of
well-defined optimization algorithms.
Model solution.
Checks whether or not the proposed model does what it purports to do—that is, does it
adequately predict the behavior of the system under study?
Model validity.
Of the solution of a validated model involves the translation of the results into
understandable operating instructions to be issued to the people who will administer
the recommended system.
Implementation.
