What was the significance of the revolts against British rule in the Canadas 1837-1838? Flashcards
What did the radical patriots believe in?
Opted for open revolution
What did the moderates believe in?
Actions should be constitutional
What were the moderates nicknamed?
Fils de la liberte
Did Britain take control of the loyalists fully?
No, they underestimated their loyalty
What happened in October 1837?
British troops were withdrawn from Upper Canada and transferred to lower Canada
When was the Battle of St Denis and who won?
November 23 1837 and patriots won
When was the Battle of St Charles and who won?
November 25 1837 and British won
When was the second Battle of St Denis and who won?
November 30 and Papineau fled to USA
When was the Battle of Eustache and who won?
December 14 and British won
How many men did Mackenzie enroll?
1500
What did Mackenzie promise the men he enrolled?
New land
How did Upper Canada support lower Canada?
Messages of sympathy were sent
Why did Britain win?
More organised
Fought in winter
Easy to put down
No more than 1000 men at each battle
Why did Canada loose?
Underestimated loyalty to British
Lack of support from France
Nelson and Papineau had no military experience
Lacked weapons
What did Mackenzie’s draft of constitution state?
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Quality under law
Right to bear arms
Right to peaceful assembly
Senate and house assemblies elected by the people
What happened at Montgomery’s tavern?
800 untrained rebels marched south on Yonge Street and ran into loyalists who fired
Why did the rebels run off at Montgomery’s tavern?
Rebels at the front dropped, those at the back thought they had been shot and ran
When did Montgomery’s tavern skirmish happen?
5 December 1837
What happened on December 8 1837?
1000 British dispersed rebels in a fierce encounter at Montgomery’s tavern
Why did Mackenzie flee to the US?
He lost at Montgomery’s tavern
What was set up in Navy island?
A provisional government for Upper Canada
Where was the base at Navy island near?
The Canadian side of Niagra falls
By the end of December 1837 how many men did Mackenzie have at Navy island?
600
What was the steamer Caroline?
A ship that carried men and supplies to the patriot forces on Navy island
What was the Caroline affair?
British went into American waters and cleared crew off of the Caroline and set it on fire
Why did the British intervene with the Caroline?
They thought there were weapon on board
When was the Caroline affair?
December 1837
What was the American reaction to the Caroline affair?
British forces had invaded American territory
American property was lost
What was the outcome of the Caroline affair?
British took responsibility in order to avoid war
How many rebels in Upper Canada were executed?
12
How many rebels in Upper Canada were exiled to Bermuda?
7
How many rebels in Upper Canada were sent to VDL?
53
How many rebels in Lower Canada were killed?
325
How many rebels in Lower Canada were transported to Australia?
24
How many rebels in Lower Canada were imprisoned?
800
How many rebels in Lower Canada sent to VDL?
58
When the prisoners in VDL pardonded?
1843
What was Papineau’s reaction to the loss?
Refused to accept the union until 1845 when he went back to Canada
When did Papineau become a member of the legislative assembly?
1848
How long did Mackenzie spend in exile?
11 years
When was Mackenzie pardoned?
1849
When was Mackenzie elected into the Assembly?
1851
