What That Drug Do

Question 1

Adrenaline

Answer 1

Overall increase in vascular resistance resulting in peripheral vasoconstriction

Increased myocardial force of contraction (positive inotrope) and heart rate (positive chronotrope) occur as a result of β1 receptor stimulation.

Question 2

Amioderone

Answer 2

Increases the duration of the action potential as well as the effective refractory period for cardiac cells (myocytes).

Blocks potassium currents that cause repolarization of the heart muscle during the third phase of the cardiac action potential.

Question 3

Adenosine

Answer 3

Reduces conduction of the AV node by introducing an influx of potassium which inhibits calcium channels

Question 4

Atropine

Answer 4

Atropine binds to and inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, competitively blocking the effects of acetylcholine and other choline esters.

Question 5

Metaraminol (Aramine)

Answer 5

1. Stimulates the release of norepinephrine.
2. It acts by increasing the force of the heart’s pumping action as well as constricting peripheral blood vessels.

Question 6

Naloxone

Answer 6

Opioid receptor antagonist indicated in the reversal of opioid overdoses

Question 7

Sodium bicarbonate

Answer 7

Sodium bicarbonate is a systemic alkalizer, which increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, and raises blood pH, thereby reversing the clinical manifestations of acidosis.

Question 8

Calcium Gluconate

Answer 8

Calcium gluconate is used as a cardioprotective agent in high blood potassium.

Question 9

Furosemide

Answer 9

Furosemide promotes diuresis by blocking tubular reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the proximal and distal tubules, as well as in the thick ascending loop of Henle.

Question 10

Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 10

replacement therapy in magnesium deficiency, especially in acute hypomagnesemia accompanied by signs of tetany similar to those of hypocalcemia.

Question 11

Glucose 50%

Question 12

Noradrenaline (norad)

Answer 12

Norepinephrine functions as a peripheral vasoconstrictor by acting on alpha-adrenergic receptors.

It is also an inotropic stimulator of the heart and dilator of coronary arteries as a result of it’s activity at the beta-adrenergic receptors.

Question 13

Hydrocortisone

Answer 13

Lower doses of corticosteroids provide an anti-inflammatory effect

Higher doses are immunosuppressive.

High doses of glucocorticoids for an extended period bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor, raising sodium levels and decreasing potassium levels