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GRADE10: #1 > What's The Matter? > Flashcards

What's The Matter? Flashcards

1
Q

What is matter?

A

Everything around us in all its states.

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2
Q

How many states are there? Name them.

A 
1-solid
2-liquid
3-gas
4-plasma
5-be condensates
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3
Q

What is there other than matter?

A

Energy

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4
Q

What makes something “matter”?

A

It has to have some mass/needs to take up space.

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5
Q

What makes up matter? (2 things)

A

Atoms and molecules.

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6
Q

What are atoms?

A

Single unit of stuff.

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7
Q

What are the smaller things that make up atoms?

A

Sub atomic particles,(SAPS).

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8
Q

What are the 3 sub atomic particles?

A

1-protons (+)
2-neutrons (neutral)
3-electrons (-)

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9
Q

What are molecules?

A

A group of 2 or more atoms.

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10
Q

What are elements?

A

Atoms in their pure substance.

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11
Q

If we throw a new element like hydrogen to a mix, we have our energy provider ___________.

A

Sugars,(glucose)

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12
Q

How is an atom arranged according to Bohr Rutherford?

A

You see the electrons flying around and the electron shells.

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13
Q

Chadwick brought what to the table?

A

Neutrons

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14
Q

How are electrons charged?

A

Negatively.

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15
Q

How are protons charged?

A

Positively.

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16
Q

What decides who/what you are?

A

Protons.

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17
Q

What’s the nucleus made up of?

A

Protons and neutrons.

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18
Q

What’s the rule for electron shells?

A

2,8,8,2.

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19
Q

What’s the tiniest particle?

A

Electrons.

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20
Q

Most of the atom is what?

A

Empty space.

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21
Q

Which sub atomic particles contribute to the mass of an atom?

A

The nucleus,(protons and neutrons)

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22
Q

What’s the atomic number?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom

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23
Q

What’s the atomic mass?

A

Neutrons and protons added together.

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24
Q

The bigger number is always the ________ ________.

A

Atomic mass.

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25
Q

What does AMU stand for?

A

Atomic mass unit.

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26
Q

What’s the formula for mass number?

A

A = Z+N (protons+neutrons)

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27
Q

What does the E stand for?

A

The chemical symbol for the element.

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28
Q

What does the Z stand for?

A

Atomic number=number of protons

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29
Q

Which sap(s) determines the element?

A

Protons.

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30
Q

Which sap(s) determines the atomic number?

A

Protons.

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31
Q

Which sap(s) determine the atomic mass?

A

Protons and neutrons.

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32
Q

Which saps must be equal to have a stable atom?

A

Protons and neutrons.

33
Q

What makes an atom of neutral charge?

A

Protons+=electrons-

when they’re the same

34
Q

What determines if an element is an +ion?

A

Lose some electrons.

35
Q

What determines if an element is an -ion?

A

Add some electrons

36
Q

If the number of protons is greater than the number of electrons it is a ___________.

A

+ION

37
Q

If the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons it is a _________.

A

-ION

38
Q

What is an isotope?

A

It’s atoms of the same element,(same number of protons) but a varying number of neutrons.

39
Q

An isotope is ____________ if the number of neutrons greatly exceeds the number of protons.

A

Radioactive.

40
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

They are the electrons on the outermost shell that are given away or kept or received so that it can be “full”.

41
Q

What do valence electrons determine?

A

It determines how they will chemically interact.

42
Q

If the outermost shell is full for that level, (2,8,8,2) then it’s considered ________.

A

Un reactive, (full)

43
Q

What are noble gases?

A

A group that is chemically unreactive.

44
Q

What 2 groups would be most reactive?

A

1) alkali

2) halogens

45
Q

What element is its own family but does have 1 valence electron.

A

H, (hydrogen)

46
Q

To the left of the stair case are the ______.

A

Metals

47
Q

Metals react chemically with what to produce what?

A

They react chemically with acids to produce a gas.

48
Q

____ _______ are located to the right of the stair case except for Hydrogen.

A

Non metals.

49
Q

_____________ are located on the staircase and share characteristics with both metals and non metals.

A

Metalloids.

50
Q

What column are alkali metals?

A

1

51
Q

What fam characteristics do alkali metals have?

A

Super reactive + desperate to get rid of 1e-

52
Q

What column are alkali earth metals?

A

2

53
Q

What fam characteristics do alkali earth metals have?

A

Very reactive & 2e- to get rid of.

54
Q

What column are halogens?

A

7 (but 17 on the periodic table)

55
Q

What fam characteristics do halogens have?

A

Extremely reactive & 1e- more.

56
Q

What column are noble gases?

A

8, (but 2 on the periodic table)

57
Q

What fam characteristics do noble gases have?

A

No reaction, it’s inert.

58
Q

Are metals positive or negative?

A

Positive

59
Q

Where are the metals on the periodic table?

A

To the left of the staircase.

60
Q

Name 5 characteristics metals have.

A 
1-malleable
2-conduct electricity 
3-conduct heat 
4-usually shiny
5-react with acid to produce a gas
61
Q

Where are non metals located on the periodic table?

A

To the right of the staircase except for hydrogen.

62
Q

Where are metalloids located?

A

On the staircase.

63
Q

What are metalloids?

A

They share characteristics of metals AND non metals.

64
Q

The simplified atomic model improves on the Rutherford Bohr model. What was wrong with the Rutherford Bohr model?

A

The Rutherford Bohr atomic model did not take into account the presence of neutrons in the nucleus, unlike the SAM.

65
Q

On the periodic table where is: alkaline earth metals?

A

Second column (group 2)

66
Q

On the periodic table where is: noble gas

A

Last column,(group 8)

67
Q

On the periodic table where is: halogen?

A

Second to last column,(group 7)

68
Q

On the periodic table where is: an atom containing only one electron shell?

A

In the first period,(hydrogen)

69
Q

Which characteristic of the atom explains its chemical properties?

A

The number of valence electrons.

70
Q

What is the Lewis, (dot) Diagrams?

A

They are only the symbols with dots around them to represent the valence electrons.

71
Q

Atomic radius

A

Finding size

72
Q

From left to right, the ____ ____ decreases.

A

atomic radius

73
Q

While the atomic radius decreases, the ______ ______ increases.

A

Atomic number.

74
Q

Why does the atomic radius decrease?

A

Because of the electrostatic charges, (there’s more attraction)

75
Q

What’s electronegativity?

A

It’s when chemicals are attracted to each other and form a bond.

76
Q

From left to right, the electronegativity ________.

A

Increases, (it pulls more because it’s more desperate).

77
Q

If an atom has one valence electron to give or receive, then it’s _____ _______.

A

Super reactive.

78
Q

What element atom is the easiest to “give” when it comes to valence electrons/etc?

A

Hydrogen.

79
Q

What properties do all the isotopes of a single element share?

A

The isotopes of a single element all have the same chemical properties.

GRADE10: #1 (1 decks)

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