What's the flaw? Identifying flaws from examples. Flashcards
Learn how to define flaws and fallacies in arguments.
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
There is no way she will finish the race. She’s overweight.
Conflation
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
He went to the same college as Bill Gates. He must be famous too.
Non-sequitur
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
After I took the medicine, I got better. Therefore, the medicine made me feel better.
Post-hoc fallacy
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
John is taller than Chad. Chad is taller than John.
Inconsistency
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Women should be able to choose to terminate a pregnancy so abortion should be legal.
Circular argument
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
You should buy locally. That’s what we have always done.
Appeal to tradition
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
It should be okay to destroy property when you are angry because angry people destroy things.
Circular argument
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Doctors are selfish and just focussed on money. Don’t listen to them.
Ad hominem attack
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Making people register their own guns is like the Nazis making the Jews register with their government. This policy is crazy.
Flawed analogy
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
A new car may be expensive, but do you want me to drive around in this junk pile for the rest of my life ?
Restricting the options
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
“You shouldn’t be eating that…It has been scientifically proven that eating burgers is no good for your health.”
“Why not? You eat burgers all the time.”
Tu quoque
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Only 50 000 people watched the game so clearly football is losing its popularity.
Limited or weak examples
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Let’s watch TV. I hate TV . I am going to enjoy myself.
Inconsistency
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
The attack on Mr Perez was definitely planned.
Over-drawn conclusion
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Don’t listen to that teacher. He’s a hypocrite.
Ad hominem attack
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
People love the beach. I think I’ll put sand floors in my house.
Non-sequitur
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Dogs are smarter than cats.
Generalisation
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Church should begin at 11 am because that’s the time that we have always begun the church service.
Appeal to tradition
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
It rained a minute after I typed this example, therefore typing this example caused the rain.
Post-hoc fallacy
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
I hate layabouts. They just waste time. They spend most of their time doing nothing useful. They should be more like me and spend a lot of time practising their online gaming skills.
Inconsistency
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Only a mentally ill person would kill someone, so anyone who kills someone is automatically mentally ill.
Circular argument
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Poor people are lazy
Generalisation
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Either you’re with me or against me.
Restricting the options
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
The attack on Mr Perez was definitely planned.
Overdrawn conclusion
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
He doesn’t care about the environment. I saw him using a plastic spoon.
Limited or weak examples
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
You are a great student. You are always first to class.
Limited or weak examples
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
“Why should I give to charity? You don’t.”
Tu Quoque
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
”You should stop smoking.It’s harmful to your health.”
“Why should I listen to you?You started smoking when you were 16!”
Tu quoque
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
There is no doubt Mr Fox burnt the hall down.
Overdrawn conclusion
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
We have only two choices: to build more nuclear power plants or to be completely dependant on foreign oil.
Restricting the options
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Either you’re with me or against me.
Restricting the options
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
He obviously stole my money
Overdrawn conclusion
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Everyone who drank water died the next day. So, drinking the water killed them.
Post-hoc fallacy
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Students should be allowed to look at their textbooks during examinations. After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation, lawyers have briefs to guide them during a trial, carpenters have blueprints to guide them when they are building a house. Why, then, shouldn’t students be allowed to look at their textbooks during an examination?
Flawed analogy
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Homework at MD is always easy.
Generalisation
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
Clubbing seals in Northern Europe and Canada is acceptable because hunters have done so for thousands of years.
Appeal to tradition
Look at the example - what’s the fallacy?
It’s time to take my car in for service. I guess I need a haircut.
Non-sequitur
