What rhythm is expected?

Question 1

This rhythm is common in athletes and usually requires no treatment

Answer 1

sinus bradycardia

Question 2

When is atropine useful for treating sinus bradycardia?

Answer 2

atropine is useful in the context of intense vagal activation- fainting

Question 3

What rhythm often occurs with small inferior wall infarctions which increase vagal tone?

Answer 3

sinus bradycardia

Question 4

what rhythm is associated with “sick sinus syndrome”?

Answer 4

sinus bradycardia

Question 5

What abnormal rhythm is associated with some P waves conducting normally to the ventricles and some P waves not?

Answer 5

2nd degree AV block

Question 6

In what subtype does the PR lengthen until a P does not conduct?

Answer 6

mobitz type 1

Question 7

in what subtype is no change in PR observed?

Answer 7

mobitz type 2

Question 8

What rhythm is associated with AV node or junctional failure with aging, infarct, or disruption during cardiac surgery?

Answer 8

3rd degree AV block

Question 9

what rhythms are associated with increased risk of embolic stroke due to clot in the left atrium?

Answer 9

atrial flutter and fibrillation

Question 10

What is the mechanism of self termination of arrhythmias and what happens when this goes wrong?

Answer 10

Self Termination: depolarization at a junction usually meets tissue which has already been depolarized and is therefore refractory to reentry

Dysfunction: if chamber dilation or islands of fibrosis create a long circuitous path, depolarization can continue to find non-refractory myocardium and be sustained

Question 11

what rhythm is terminated with adenosine infusion?

Answer 11

atrial tchycardia

Question 12

In what rhythm are p waves often not seen or is seen but inverted?

Answer 12

junctional rhythm

p waves not seen because they are burred within the QRS complex or occur very shorty before or after QRS

Often inverted because they are conducted upward from the av node rather than downward from the sinus node

Question 13

what rhythm exhibits an ectopic ventricular focus

Answer 13

premature ventricular contraction

conducted by sow myocardium- not purkinje

Question 14

what rhythm is associated with short path length that blocks re-entry?

Answer 14

premature ventricular contraction

Question 15

What two arrhythmias are noticed at rest and why?

Answer 15

premature atrial contraction & premature ventricular contraction

low heart rates allow skipped beats
at times of rest, awareness increases because distractions decrease

Question 16

In what two arrhythmias are occasional early QRS complexes present?

Answer 16

atrial premature beats & ventricular premature beats

Question 17

In what two arrhythmias are very fast, abnormal P waves present?

Answer 17

atrial flutter & atrial tachycardia

Question 18

In what three arrhythmias are there no p waves but QRS complexes present?

Answer 18

atrial fibrillation & junction rhythm & ventricular tachycardia

Question 19

In what two arrhythmias are there no p waves and no QRS?

Answer 19

ventricular fibrillation & asystole