What Is The Impact Of EU On UK Politics + Policy-Making

Question 1

EU impact on the constitution, sovereignty + referendums

Answer 1

-while UK member of EU no parl act could conflict EU law
-EU legislation took precedence - areas like agri + fishery quotes tightly restricted terms what UK could change
-campaign repeal ‘tampon tax’ floundered due to EU rules on varying VAT rates — limits parl sovereignty as removed by repeal of 1972 act during Brexit process
-1975 no crisis as will of people to remain accorded with parl
-Brexit 2016 saw clash between remain majority among MPs

Question 2

What is the impact of EU on government + parliament

Answer 2

-all legislation had to align with EU laws
-harder govt bail out struggling industries - Eu approval needed sought ensure competition rates adhered to
-Brexit created gridlock in parl procedure
-2019 chamber seize control of poll timetable from govt
-impact EU policy limited areas outside direct competences incl health + education - national govt can retain full control

Question 3

What is the impact of the EU on UK political parties

Answer 3

-EU membership divided main parties
-sharp divisions emerged between eurosceptic Redwood + pro-European Clarke
-split culminated 21 Tory rebels having whip withdrawn Sept 2019 after they defied leadership + voted no-deal Brexit
-EU serve as unifying issue for some parties e.g. Welsh + Scot nationalists
-libdems pro-EU + promised revoke article 50 in 2019 election manifesto

Question 4

What is the impact of the EU on the economy

Answer 4

-UK received 16 euros for less developed regions e.g. wales to support econ development + employment
-post-Brexit UK will have greater freedom trade with nations outside EU but will have less influence as smaller econ than EU

Question 5

What is the EU impact on UK agriculture

Answer 5

-CAP provided subsidies for EU farmers but prevented UK developing own farming policies
-CAP has promoted mass production that has harmed the environment

Question 6

What is the EU impact on UK fisheries

Answer 6

-common fisheries policy prevented UK protecting fishing industries from competition as all EU fishers access to Br waters
-environmental impact