What is Psychology?

Question 1

Pysch

Answer 1

Mind

Question 2

Logos

Answer 2

study or knowledge

Question 3

Psychology

Answer 3

Psychology is the scientific discipline that studies behavior

Question 4

Introspection

Answer 4

the examination or observation of one’s own mental and emotional processes

Question 5

Structuralism

Answer 5

is a general theory of culture and methodology that implies that elements of human culture must be understood by way of their relationship to a broader system.

Question 6

Psychodynamic

Answer 6

includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious, and between the different structures of the personality

Question 7

Behaviorism

Answer 7

is a theory of learning which states all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment through a process called conditioning. Thus, behavior is simply a response to environmental stimuli.

Question 8

Humanistic

Answer 8

is a perspective that emphasizes looking at the whole individual and stresses concepts such as free will, self-efficacy, and self-actualization. Rather than concentrating on dysfunction, humanistic psychology strives to help people fulfill their potential and maximize their well-being

Question 9

Physiological Psychology

Answer 9

is a subdivision of behavioral neuroscience (biological psychology) that studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments.

Question 10

Cognitive

Answer 10

is the scientific study of mental processes such as “attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking”.

Question 11

Evolutionary

Answer 11

is a theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.

Question 12

Socio-cultural

Answer 12

examines the influences of social and cultural environments on behavior.

Question 13

Positive

Answer 13

the study of the strengths and virtues that enable individuals, communities, and organizations to thrive

Question 14

What psychologists do?

Answer 14

• Psychological research
• Psychological practice (counseling, clinical, school, industrial)
• Emerging specializations (forensic, sports)

Question 15

scientific method

Answer 15

A method of inquiry involving careful observation and use of experimental methods.

Question 16

Steps of the scientific method

Answer 16

1. Develop a question
2. Form a hypothesis
3. Gather evidence
4. Draw conclusion

Question 17

Research methods in Psychology

Answer 17

• Case study
• Observational studies (naturalistic or laboratory)
• Survey
• Correlational study
• Experiment

Question 18

Naturalistic

Answer 18

observing with no controlled variables.

Pros: Observing in the natural habitat

Cons: no controlled variables which can give unexpected results or inaccurate results.

Question 19

Laboratory

Answer 19

in a lab with many controlled variables.

Pros: variables can be controlled to get desired results

Cons: variables can be too controlled and important information missed out on because of that.

Question 20

What is critical thinking?

Answer 20

• Question everything
• Clarify meaning
• Avoid oversimplifying.
• Avoid over generalizing.
• Examine the assumptions on which claims are based
• Examine sources of claims
• Question the evidence on which claims are based.
• Examine alternative ways of explaining claims