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Indigenous Psychology > What is psychology? > Flashcards

What is psychology? Flashcards

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1
Q

What is psychology?

A

The scientific study of human mind + behaviour

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2
Q

What are the two early perspectives?

A

Structuralism and functionalism

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3
Q

What is the structuralist perspective?

A

Mental state is influenced by the structures of the brain

Human consciousness could be broken down into smaller parts (structures). Using a process known as introspection

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4
Q

What is the functionalist perspective?

A

Mental state is influenced by how/why an organism functions

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5
Q

What is introspection?

A

Examination/observation of one’s own thoughts and emotions

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6
Q

Why is introspection inaccurate?

A

Unreliable data, cannot be measured

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7
Q

What is a psychoanalytic approach?

A

Made conscious the unconscious thoughts, behaviours and memories

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8
Q

What is a behaviourist approach?

A

Behaviours learned through interaction with the environment (B.F. Skinner)

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9
Q

What is a Humanistic approach?

A

Importance of subject experience and personal growth

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10
Q

What is a Cognitive approach?

A

Scientific lab-based approach

Application to memory, perception, cognitive development, mental illness etc

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11
Q

What are the goals of psychology?

A

To describe, to explain, to predict & to change

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12
Q

What is epistemology?

A

The philosophical study of human knowledge

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13
Q

Who pioneered structuralism?

A

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)

Termed by his student Edward Titchener

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14
Q

Who pioneered functionalism?

A

American psychologist William James (1842-1910)

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15
Q

Who pioneered psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

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16
Q

What is free association?

A

The expression of the content of consciousness without censorship as an aid in gaining access to unconscious processes.

17
Q

Who is the father of psychology?

A

American Philosopher, William James

18
Q

What was psychology’s first school of thought?

A

Structuralism

19
Q

Who were the early philosophers?

A

Socrates > Plato > Aristotle

20
Q

Who introduced the idea of dualism?

A

Rene Descartes, 17th century

21
Q

What is dualism?

A

Asserted that the mind and body were two entities that interact to form the human experience.

22
Q

When did psychology emerge as a separate discipline?

A

The late 1800s

23
Q

Who pioneered behaviouralism

A

Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov

24
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

Behaviours could be learned via conditioned associations.

25
Q

Who pioneered the humanist theory?

A

American psychologist Carl Rogers

26
Q

What humanistic theory did Abraham Maslow contribute?

A

Hierarchy of needs

27
Q

Who is the founder of child psychoanalysis?

A

Anna Freud

Indigenous Psychology (2 decks)

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