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microbiology > What Is Medical Entamology > Flashcards

What Is Medical Entamology Flashcards

1
Q

What is medical entomology?

A

Medical entomology is the science to study insects and closely related arthropods that impact human health.

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2
Q

What are arthropods?

A

Arthropods are invertebrates with jointed legs

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3
Q

Features of arthropods

A

Jointed legs/ appendages
Segmented body : head, thorax, abdomen
Exoskeleton
Bilaterally symmetrical body

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4
Q

Classification of arthropods

A

Insecta - flies, mosquitoes, lice, fleas, bugs n nits
Diplopoda - millipedes
Chilopoda - centipedes
Crustacea - prawn n crab
Arachnida - spider, scorpion, mites n ticks

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5
Q

Description of insecta

A
  • 3 body segments : head, thorax , abdomen
  • 6 legs / 3 pairs of legs
  • I pair of antennae
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6
Q

Description of diplopoda

A
  • many body segments
  • 2 pairs of legs per body segment
  • 1 pair of antennae
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7
Q

Description of chilopoda

A
  • many body segments
  • 1 pair of legs per body segment
  • 1 pair of antennae
  • poison claws
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8
Q

Description of crustacea

A
  • body segments varied
  • head, thorax and abdomen are fused
  • varied number of legs
  • 2 pairs of antennae
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9
Q

What is cephalothorax

A

The fused head and thorax of arthropods

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10
Q

Description of arachnida?

A

2 body segments : cephalothorax n abdomen
8 legs
No antennae

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11
Q

What is life cycle?

A

Life cycle is the series of development or stages through which an organism passes during its life time

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12
Q

Two types of life cycle

A
  • hemimetabolous - incomplete

- holometabolous - complete

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13
Q

Two types of life cycle

A
  • hemimetabolous - incomplete

- holometabolous - complete

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14
Q

Hemimetabolous life cycle description

A

Three distinct forms / stages

  • egg
  • nymph (juvenile of adult)
  • adult
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15
Q

Examples of hemimetabolous life cycle species

A

Cockroaches
Lice
Bugs

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16
Q

Description of holometabolous life cycle

A

Four distinct forms in the life cycle

  • egg
  • larva
  • pupa
  • adult
17
Q

Examples of holometabolous life cycle species

A

Flies
Mosquitoes
Moths
Butterfly

18
Q

Role of arthropods in medicine

A
  • vector of diseases
  • intermediate host
  • direct agent of disease or discomfort
  • therapy
  • material for forensic investigation
  • pest management and vector control
19
Q

What is vector

A

Vector is an organism that carries/ transmit agent of diseases from one host to another

20
Q

Types of vector of diseases

A

Mechanical vector

Biological vector

21
Q

What is mechanical transmission

A

The transfer of a pathogen from infectious source to the susceptible host without any developmental changes in the pathogen

22
Q

Example vector for mechanical transmission

A

Flies

Cockroaches

23
Q

What is biological transmission?

A

The transfer of a pathogen by a vector with the pathogen either undergoing reproduction or developmental changes or both

24
Q

Three types of biological transmission

A

Propagative
Cyclopropagative
Cyclodevelopmental

25
Q

Description and examples of propagative transmission

A

Description:
Increase in the number of the pathogen inside the vector

Examples:
- viral :
Yellow fever - mosquitoes
Dengue - mosquitoes

  • bacterial :
    Plague - rat fleas
    Epidemic typhus - body lice
26
Q

Description and examples of cyclopropagative transmission

A

Description:
Increase in the number of the pathogens and metamorphoses into the infectious stage

Examples:
Plasmodium sp - mosquitoes
Leishmania sp - sand fly
Trypanosoma sp - tsetse fly

27
Q

Be example of disease in cyclopropagative transmission

A

Malaria

28
Q

Description and examples of cyclodevelopmental transmission

A

Description:
Pathogen undergo development from one stage to another, but there is no increase in the number

Examples:
Human filariasis - mosquitoes
River blindness - black fly
Canine filariasis - mosquitoes

29
Q

Examples of direct agent of disease or discomfort

A
  • dermatosis : skin infestation by Demodex follicularum
  • scabies - skin infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabies
  • Demodex follicularum and Sarcoptes scabies are mites
  • lice infestation - head n body
30
Q

What is envenomization

A

An act of poisoning by venom

31
Q

Envenomization mode

A

Stings : bees, scorpion , wasp

Bites : spider n centipedes

32
Q

Effect of venom through envenomization

A

Neurotoxic

Cytotoxic

33
Q

How does arthropods causes allergy

A

Contact with dust mites or cockroach faeces

34
Q

What is entomophobia

A

Irritation and exaggerated fear

35
Q

Examples of therapy using arthropods and description

A
  • maggot therapy - medical use of live maggots to clean non- healing wounds
  • apitherapy - medical use of honey, pollen n royal jelly
36
Q

Forensic investigation - arthropods

A
  • insects are the first to discover the abandoned corps
  • maggots are carrion feeder
  • insects never lie
37
Q

What is the mosquitoes that are used to control other mosquitoes in pest management and vector control

A

Larvae of Armigerous mosquitoes

microbiology (6 decks)

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