What Is Chemotaxis?

Question 1

What is chemotaxis?

Answer 1

Cell comunication trough concentration gradients

Question 2

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 2

Process by which a cell engulfs a particle and digests it

Question 3

What is the complement system?

Answer 3

Group of serum proteins that produce a cascade of reactions and activate inflammation, opsonization and cell lysis

Question 4

C3b

Answer 4

Opsonization

Question 5

What proteins create a MAC?

Answer 5

C5b, c6,c7,c8,c9

Question 6

Function of MAC

Answer 6

Forms pores in the cell membrane to cause cell lysis

Question 7

What is opsonization?

Answer 7

Coating of bacteria to mark it and make it more susceptible for phagocytosis

Question 8

What is lysis?

Answer 8

rupture of the cell membrane

Question 9

What is apoptosis?

Answer 9

Programmed cell death

Question 10

What is a vaccine?

Answer 10

A type of medicine that trains the body s immune system so that it can fight a disease it has not come in contact with

Question 11

Role of adaptive immune system in vaccines

Answer 11

Vaccines has particles of a pathogen and when it is applied, the adaptive immune system keeps a sequence of those oathogens so when ir appears later, adaptive immune system can identify it easiler and attack more fast

Question 12

2 parts AIS

Answer 12

Humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity

Question 13

APC

Answer 13

Antigen presenting cell

Question 14

Why are t cells refered as cd4t cells lymphocytes

Answer 14

Because cd4 identify MHC2 and is an auxilliar cell in the immune system

Question 15

Function of TREGS

Answer 15

Regulation and balance
They control the immune response to self and foreign particles and help prevent autoimmune disease,

Question 16

What is an epitope

Answer 16

Identifiable part of an antigen

Question 17

When a cd8 recognizes the antigen, three mechanisms

Answer 17

1. Secretion of cytokines: Secretion of Tnf a e IFN y, wich have anti tumour and anti microbial effects
2. Production and release of cytotoxic granules: Granules contain proteins one of them perforin wich forms a pore in the cell membrane of the target cell wich allows granzymes to enter the infected cells. They cleve the proteins, shutting down the production of viral proteins causing apoptosis of target cell
3. Destruction of infected cells: By Fas and fasl interactions. FasL and the receptor, this union pulls together signalling molecules wich result in activation of caspase cascade and result also in apoptosis of the target cell.