WHAT IS AI

Question 1

Machine Learning

Answer 1

Question 2

Neural Networks

Answer 2

Question 2

Deep Learning

Answer 2

Question 3

Challenges

Answer 3

Ethics and legislation
Fairness.

Transparency and accountability.

Privacy and security.

Question 4

Clinical challenges
Clinical validation.

Patient acceptability.

Post-market surveillance.

Veracity.

Answer 4

Technical hurdles
Interoperability.

Model interpretability.

Technology readiness levels for deployment into clinical practice.

Need to interpret multiple data types simultaneously, e.g. free text and images.

Question 5

Financial constraints
Reimbursement constraints.

Research and development costs.

Question 6

FDA approved AI medical devices

Answer 6

https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/software-medical-device-samd/artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning-aiml-enabled-medical-devices

Question 7

AI is the ability of a machine to display human-like capabilities such as reasoning, learning, planning and creativity.

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AI is an umbrella term that includes machine learning and deep learning.

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Mounting workload, increasing demand for new radiologists, growing interest in the specialty from medical graduates, and an ever-expanding research literature in recent years have defied an early vision predicting a decline of the speciality in the context of AI adoption.

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There are major hurdles to overcome in order to thoroughly integrate artificial intelligence use into radiology and healthcare, including governance, model validation, and evaluation.

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Clinicians are still expected to make and sign off their own interpretations alongside AI technology.