what is a cell made of? Flashcards
what are the first two tenets of cell theory
-all organisms are made up of cells
-cells are the structural, functional unit of life
what was the third tenet of cell theory
cells arise only by dividing from pre-existing cells
what defining life feature forms the basis for evolution
reproduction and selection
what are the 6 defining features of cells
self containment
metabolism
growth and development
genetic information
reproduction and selection
response to stimuli
amino acids in peptide bonds are held together by
covalent bonds
what kind of bond is formed in a condensation reaction
ionic bonds
what kind of bond is formed in a phosphodiester nucleic acid bond
covalent bond
what kind of bond is found in a glycosidic linkage
covalent bond
which covalent bonds are frequently found in cellular macromolecules
C-O, C-H, C-N, S-S, P-O, O-H
what kind of bond is found in base pairing of DNA
hydrogen bonds between the base pairs
what kind of bond is found between polypeptide and RNA folding
hydrogen bonding
what bonds facilitate enzyme-substrate binding and protein-protein interactions
ionic bonds
what kind of bond contributes to the packing of lipids
van der waals forces
what bond helps proteins achieve their final folding
van der waals
what does amphiphatic mean
contain hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
what drives lipids to self-aggregate in water
hydrophobic effect
example of lipid soluble vitamins
vitamin A, D, E, K
Where are lipids found
in the pigments of our eyes
lipid soluble vitamins
what are fatty acids stored as before being broken down into for energy
triglycerides
