What Else Influenced The Political Landscape 1917-80?

Question 1

First Red Scare summary

Answer 1

1919-20 Palmer Raids
Followed 1917 Russian Rev
Anti- immigration
Included anarchists

Question 2

Second Red Scare summary

Answer 2

McCarthy era
After WW2, tensions high between US and Soviet Union
More govt interaction

Question 3

First Red Scare causes

Answer 3

Replacement of monarchy by Soviet Union disturbed capitalist America and particularly when large no.s of workers began to strike
Strike due to unimproved conditions post war
Communist Party of America (CPUSA) and Communist Labour Party (CLP) formed
Anarchists hand out leaflets in cities and rumours of comm rev spread

Question 4

Effects of first red scare

Answer 4

Became national news and red hunting began (KKK and American Legion hunt)
Radical division set up in 1919 to seek out communists, bombs explode in various cities said to be plotted by ‘Reds’
1920 FBI raids make between 5,000 and 10,000 arrests of communists

Question 5

Second red scare causes

Answer 5

Followed ww2: other counties adopt soviet govt and increase of communist takeovers in other counties
Context of cold and Korean War
USSR spying on US
Elizabeth Bentley told HUAC she had been part of Moscow led spy ring, named Alger hiss (Roosevelt’s advisor)
Rosen burgs high profile case

Question 6

China and communism

Answer 6

China became communist in 1949- China Lobby accused Truman: media questioned whether govt did enough

Question 7

McCarthyism

Answer 7

Senator Joe McCarthy 1950-54

Went too far in accusing veterans

Question 8

Liberalism

Answer 8

Freedom on an individual and civil liberties

Question 9

Counter culture

Answer 9

60s and 70s rejection and opposition to dominant values of behaviour of society

Question 10

Conservatism

Answer 10

Preserve tradition and limit change

Question 11

Hippies

Answer 11

Loosen right family system 
Communal society 
Mind altering drugs 
More sexual freedom than marriage 
Wanted to change society 
Prepared to live separately

Question 12

Radical student groups

Answer 12

Change society 
Equal world 
Against Vietnam 
Rejected all forms of bigotry, inc racism and anti communism
Started peacefully yet turned violent

Question 13

Conservative reaction to counter culture

Answer 13

Bewildered by
Challenged family values and rejected consumer culture they embraced
Rejected values of hardwork
Rejected Christian values and patriotism (New Right to restore order and traditional values, Nixon campaigned, religious groups such as Bill Bright and ‘campus crusade for Christ’