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Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration > What Do Plants And Animals Need To Survive? > Flashcards

What Do Plants And Animals Need To Survive? Flashcards

0
Q

What process occurs in chloroplasts?

A

Photosynthesis

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1
Q

In what types of cells do (plant /animal) are there chloroplasts?

A

Plant

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2
Q

In what types of cells (plant/animal) are there mitochondria?

A

Both

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3
Q

What process occurs in the mitochondria?

A

Materials converted into energy

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4
Q

What do plants need/use/consume? (Reactants)

A
  • sunlight
  • water
  • carbon dioxide
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5
Q

What do plants give off?

A

Oxygen

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6
Q

What do animals need/use/consume?

A
  • food
  • water
  • energy
  • shelter
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7
Q

What do animals give off?

A
  • waste

- carbon dioxide

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8
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

Chemical energy is stored in a chemical compound

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9
Q

Where is energy in a compound stored?

A

Energy is stored in a chemical bond

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10
Q

Cells cannot use food for…?

A

Energy

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11
Q

Instead they transfer energy from food to a usable form of chemical energy called …? what is the full name?

A

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

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12
Q

ATP is the( ? )currency for the cell

A

Energy

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13
Q

Why are phosphate tails unstable?

A

Phosphate groups are negatively charged so they will separate

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14
Q

What is the definition of phosphorylate?

A

Transfers a phosphate to molecules That need to do work

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15
Q

Describe three types of cellular work

A

Number one chemical work number two transport work number three mechanical work

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16
Q

How is the ATP cycle like a Jack-in-the-Box?

A

The ATP cycle is like a Jack-in-the-Box because the ATP goes in the box and then the breaks so it comes out of box. when the jack pops out energy is released. to make the jack go in the box we had potential energy,adding a phosphate to ADP

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17
Q

Define photosynthesis

A

A process used by plants and other autotrouphs to capture light and energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy rich carbohydrates

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18
Q

Define cellular respiration

A

A process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. energy equals work

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19
Q

What is energy necessary to sustain life?

A

To break down and build up Bob kills and to transport molecules across the membrane

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20
Q

Define an autotrophs

A

An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds also called a producer.

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21
Q

Define heterotroph

A

An organism that obtains food by consuming other living things also called a consumer.

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22
Q

Photosynthesis:

Process that uses (. ? ) as the (. ? ) to convert (. ? ) and (. ? ) to (. ? ).

A
  1. Sunlight
  2. energy
  3. Carbon dioxide
  4. Water
  5. Chemical energy
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23
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 +6 H2O light energy is transferred to C6H12O6 + 6O2

24
Q

What are the things needed for photosynthesis and produced f by photosynthesis

A

Needed

  • light dependent reactions
  • light independent reactions
  • sunlight
  • H2O
  • CO2

Produced

  • ATP
  • NAD P+
  • NADPH
25
Q

Define photosystems

A

Photosystems are clusters of chlorophyll and proteins contained in thylakoids

26
Q

How is a photosystem related to excited electrons?

A

Photosystems are related to excited electrons by absorbing sunlight and generating high-energy electrons. Photosystem is made of pigments, pigments are molecules That have moved by photons. When photons get strikes they have a high-energy .

27
Q

What is the electron transport chain?

A

The electron transport chain is a series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high energy electrons during ATP generating reactions.

28
Q

Where is the electron transport chain located?

A

The electron transport chain is located in the pigments.

29
Q

When will the energy from the electrons be used?

A

They will be used when the water and oxygen is left the hundred released into the air. And to make ATP

30
Q

What is energy from the electrons used for?

A

Energy from electrons will be used by the proteins in the chain to pump H+ ions from the stroma into the thylakoid space

31
Q

Define ATP synthase

A

ATP synthase is a protein that is contained in the thylakoids membrane that allows H+ ions to pass through it well spanning it to

32
Q

Define Chemiosmosis

A

It is a process in which enables the light dependent electrons to transport ATP and any NADP movement of ions down its gradient used to make ATP

33
Q

What happens in photosystem two?

A

Light energy is absorbed by photosystem two which produces high energy electrons .water molecules split to replace the old ones

34
Q

What happens in the electron transport chain?

A

High-energy electrons move to photosystem one by the electron transport chain energy and is generated and used to pump H+ ions across the thylakoids membrane and into the thylakoid space

35
Q

What happens in photosystem one?

A

Electrons are then re-energized in photosystem one and the second electron transport chain moves electrons to NADP+ and then produces NADPH

36
Q

What happens in the process of hydrogen ion movement and ATP formation?

A

The thylakoid space is being filled by positively charged H+ions. so now the inside of the thylakoid membrane is positively charged . H+ ions are passed back across the thylakoid membrane and into ATP synthase. as Ions pass through the ATP synthase molecules rotate and the energy that has been produced is used to convert ADP to ATP

37
Q

What are the energy storing compounds are used to power the Calvin cycle?

A

ATP and NADPH

38
Q

Most of the carbon in the carbon cycle are used to produce what?

A

Lipids ,sugar ,amino acids and other compounds

39
Q

Light is either (. ? ) or (. ? ).

A

Reflected or absorbed

40
Q

Photons strike (. ? ) and excite (. ? )

A

Pigments and electrons

41
Q

What are the light dependent reactions?

A

Reactants are H2O and 02

products are NADPH and ATP

42
Q

What are light independent reactants ?

What are light independent products?

A

Light dependent reactants are H2O and O2 and .the products are NADPH and ATP
light independent reactants are CO2 NADPH and ATP .light independent products are sugars ADP and NADP plus

43
Q

Where do light reactions occur?

A

They occur in the thylakoid

44
Q

What do H2O break down into?

A

Into electrons, O2 and H+

45
Q

What is a calorie?

A

The calorie is the amount of energy used to raise water

46
Q

What is energy?

A

Energy is the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity,.

47
Q

What is matter?

A

Matter is a physical substance in general as distinct from mind and spirit which occupies space and possesses rest mass

48
Q

What is the big picture of cellular respiration?

A

The big picture for cellular respiration is that it breaks down food molecules and extracts their energy

49
Q

What is glycolysis?

A

Glycolysis is a series of chemical reactions in cytoplasm of the cell where it is split in half

50
Q

Where does glycolysis take place?

A

Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm

51
Q

What is the outcome of glycolysis?

A

The outcome of glycolysis is the breakdown of a glucose molecule into two smaller pyruvate molecules

52
Q

What is the function of NADH?

A

The function of NADH is to carry electrons from a glucose molecule to the electron transport chain

53
Q

What is the function of
The electrons to the chain by NADH and
FADH2?

A

The function is to provide the energy that pumps protons across the inner membrane of a mitochondrion

54
Q

What is a concentration gradient?

A

Concentration gradient is the difference in concentration of a molecule between two sides of the membrane

55
Q

What is the overall purpose of cellular respiration?

A

The purpose is to capture energy contained in the bond glucose to molecules of ATP

56
Q

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

A

The equation for cellular respiration is C6H1206+602 light is passed to 6CO2 +6 H2O plus energy

57
Q

What is the big idea of aerobic cellular respiration?

A

The big idea of aerobic cellular respiration is the process that makes us keep going if there’s no oxygen or there is no mitochondria present

58
Q

What are the two solutions found in nature that solves the problem of not having enough oxygen?

A

Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation

Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration (1 decks)

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