What are Geographical Concepts?

Question 1

What is a geographical concept?

Answer 1

important idea that geographers make use of to understand the world.

Question 2

List the four key geographical concepts.

Answer 2

space
environment
place
scale

Question 3

What is space?

Answer 3

a physical area on the Earth’s surface.

Question 4

What can spaces be used for?

Answer 4

Learning, e.g. school
Business, e.g. shopping centres / malls
Recreation, e.g. parks

Question 5

How is location expressed?

Answer 5

Through using a set of coordinates based on a global imaginary horizontal and vertical lines known as latitude (horizontal) and longitude (vertical) respectively.

Question 6

What are Singapore’s coordinates?

Answer 6

1 degree North
103 degree East

Question 7

What is a spatial pattern?

Answer 7

locations of individual geographical features, such as mountains or roads, that may be arranged across an area in a particular way.

Question 8

How can spatial patterns be identified?

Answer 8

linear or cluster
See textbook Page 14, Figure 1.16a and Figure 1.16b

Question 9

What are some questions geographers may explore?

Answer 9

1. Where is a particular feature located on the Earth’s surface?
2. What is the distance between two features?
3. How are the features arranged in this area of study?

Question 10

What is a place?

Answer 10

An area of the Earth’s surface that holds special meaning for people.

Question 11

What are some places that people are likely to consider as special?

Answer 11

1. neighbourhood they 2. grew up in
   Primary school they attended

Question 12

Why do people consider some places as special?

Answer 12

As these places were settings for daily activities that they used to take part in, they would have developed memories and feelings towards those places over time.

Question 13

What concept do geographers use when studying people’s relationships with the physical and built environments?

Answer 13

Concept of place

Question 14

What are some questions that geographers may ask when studying people’s relationships with the physical and built environments?

Answer 14

1. Who are the groups of people in this place?
2. How do they view and feel about this place? What are some reasons for their views and feelings?
3. How can this place be improved for the people?

Question 15

What is environment?

Answer 15

The physical and built environments, as well as the processes that occur naturally or result from human actions.

Question 16

What are geographers interested in?

Answer 16

Studying the interactions between humans and the physical or built environments.

Question 17

What are geographers keen to do?

Answer 17

find ways to minimise the negative impacts of humans on both the physical and built environments.

Question 18

Where is Chek Jawa situated?

Answer 18

South-eastern tip of Pulau Ubin

Question 19

Why is Chek Jawa unique / special?

Answer 19

It is a natural area that contains rich animal and plant life.

Question 20

Why were boardwalks and viewing towers constructed at Chek Jawa?

Answer 20

1. To allow people to enjoy its natural beauty.
2. Prevent people from damaging Chek Jawa’s fragile environment.

Question 21

What are some questions geopgraphers may ask when they apply the concept of environment?

Answer 21

1. What are the attributes or characters of the environment?
2. How and why is the environement changing? What processes are occurring here?
3. What can be done to minimise the impact of humans on the environment?

Question 22

What is scale?

Answer 22

the level of detail at which geographers study something

Question 23

What are the three different types of scale that geographers often use?

Answer 23

1. Map scale
   2.Time scale
   3.Geograpic scale

Question 24

What are maps?

Answer 24

Diagrams that represent features of the physical and built environments such as rivers and cities.

Question 25

What is a **map scale**?

Answer 25

The relationship between a **distance on a map** and the **actual distance on the ground**.

Question 26

How is a map scale expressed?

Answer 26

A representative fraction or as a statement. | a 500-metre long road may be represented as being 5 cm long on a map. 1:

Question 27

What are contour lines?

Answer 27

lines found on a map joining points of equal height above or below sea level.

Question 28

What is time scale?

Answer 28

period of time during which something happens.

Question 29

Why do geographers need to consider time scale?

Answer 29

Because processes and changes in the physical and built environments occur at a variety of time scales, from seconds to weeks, to decades and even to millenia. 1 century = 100 years 1 decade = 10 years 1 year= 365 days | 1 millenium = 1000 years ## Footnote Page 19 of textbook Figure 1.24 A diagram showing different time scales

Question 30

What is a **geographic scale**?

Answer 30

Spatial extent of something

Question 31

How is a geographic scale divided?

Answer 31

* local * national * regional * global | village / town centre = local scale whole country = national scale group ## Footnote Page 20, textbook, Figure 1.25

Question 32

What questions may geographers ask when they apply the concept of scale?

Answer 32

* Which areas are affected by this phenomenon? * What time scale does this phenomenon operate on? * Does this phenomenon occur at the individual, local or national level?

Question 33

# Identify the geographical concept applicable to the statement. 'Orientation programme held at school helped Secondary 1 students know themselves and their classmates better. It helped to strengthen bonds and school spirit.

Answer 33

Place

Question 34

# Identify the geographical concept applicable to the statement. Russia's war against Ukraine has led to many deaths and displacement of Ukrainians. Beyond the region, it has triggered the biggest increase in energy prices affecting other parts of the world.

Answer 34

scale

Question 35

# Identify the geographical concept applicable to the statement. There seems to be a pattern where factories are concentrated in Singapore. There are mostly found at the western part of Singapore.

Answer 35

space

Question 36

# Identify the geographical concept applicable to the statement. Eastern parts of Singapore have higher temperatures than the rest of the island due to concentration of urban areas with no stretches of vegetation.

Answer 36

Environment