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WH

1
Q

Allies

A

Britain, France, and Russia- Later joined by Italy

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2
Q

Militarism

A

A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always

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3
Q

Self-determination

A

Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves

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4
Q

Conscription

A

A military draft

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5
Q

Stalemate

A

A situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible

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6
Q

Propaganda

A

Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause.

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7
Q

Reparations

A

Payment for war damages

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8
Q

Lusitania

A

A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128

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9
Q

Zimmermann Telegram (1917)

A

secret message from Germany to Mexico, threatening to

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10
Q

Total War

A

A conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war

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11
Q

ANZAC

A

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps

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12
Q

Gallipoli

A

A poorly planned and badly executed Allied campaign to capture the Turkish

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13
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

The great rulers and countries excluding Germany and Russia met

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14
Q

Big Four

A

The Big Four were the four most important leaders, and the most important ones

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15
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership,

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16
Q

David Lloyd George

A

Britain’s prime minister at the end of World War I whose goal was to make

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17
Q

Vittorio Orlando

A

He was the Italian representative at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919.

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18
Q

Fourteen Points

A

A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a

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19
Q

League of Nations

A

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and

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20
Q

Treaty of Versailles (1919)

A

Treaty that ended World War I - most important part was the

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21
Q

Weimar Republic

A

German republic founded after the WWI and the downfall of the German

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22
Q

Trench Warfare

A

A form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches

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23
Q

deficit spending

A

Government practice of spending more than it takes in from taxes

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24
Q

Collectivize

A

bring under central government control

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25
Q

Kolkhoz

A

in the Soviet Union, a small farm worked by farmers who shared in the farm’s

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26
Q

John Maynard Keynes

A

English economist who advocated the use of government

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27
Q

Great Depression

A

the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and

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28
Q

New Deal

A

A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between

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29
Q

New Economic Plan (NEP)

A

Peasants were allowed to own land and small businesses

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30
Q

Russian Civil War

A

1918-1920: conflict in which the Red Army successfully defended the

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31
Q

Spanish Civil War

A

In 1936 a rebellion erupted in Spain after a coalition of Republicans,

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32
Q

Politburo

A

A seven-member committee that became the leading policy-making body of the

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33
Q

Fascism

A

A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and

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34
Q

totalitarian state

A

country where a single party controls the government and every aspect of

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35
Q

Nationalists(Spain)

A

A member of a political group advcating or fighting for national

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36
Q

Republicans

A

Republicans in Spain are a political movement that supports Spain becoming a

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37
Q

Loyalists

A

The Loyalists, also known as the Republican faction, were a group that supported

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38
Q

Gulag

A

Russian prison camp for political prisoners

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39
Q

Long March

A

The 6,000-mile (9,600-kilometer) flight of Chinese Communists from

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40
Q

Palestine

A

A territory in the Middle East on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea.

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41
Q

Pakistan

A

After Gandhi received freedom for the indians, Pakistans, or Sikhs, moved away

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42
Q

Amritsar Massacre

A

killing by British troops of nearly 400 Indians gathered at Amritsar to

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43
Q

Manchukuo

A

Japanese puppet state established in Manchuria in 1931

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44
Q

Satyagraha

A

the form of nonviolent resistance initiated in India by Mahatma Gandhi in order to

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45
Q

Mahatma

A

“Great Soul”; title given to Gandhi

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46
Q

Jomo Kenyatta

A

A nationalist leader who fought to end oppressive laws against Africans;

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47
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

Austrian born Dictator of Germany, implement Fascism and caused WWII and

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48
Q

Neville Chamberlain

A

Great British prime minister who advocated peace and a policy of

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49
Q

Sudetenland

A

an area in western Czechoslovakia that was coveted by Hitler

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50
Q

Nuremberg Laws

A

1935 laws defining the status of Jews and withdrawing citizenship from

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51
Q

Anschluss

A

Union of Austria and Germany

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52
Q

Munich Agreement

A

Agreement between Chamberlain and Hitler that Germany would not

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53
Q

Rome-Berlin Axis

A

the alliance between Italy and Germany (Mussolini and Hitler)

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54
Q

Anti-Comintern Pact

A

treaty between Germany and Japan promising a common front against

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55
Q

Axis Powers

A

Germany, Italy, Japan

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56
Q

Nazism

A

Adolf Hitler used fascism to create this type of government based on totalitarian

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57
Q

Third Reich

A

The Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s.

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58
Q

Lend-Lease Act

A

allowed sales or loans of war materials to any country whose defense the

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59
Q

Battle of Britain

A

An aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German

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60
Q

Siege of Leningrad

A

German forces surrounded this Russian city, cutting off supplies. About

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61
Q

Pearl Harbor

A

Base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered

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62
Q

Battle of Stalingrad

A

Unsuccessful German attack on the city of Stalingrad during World War II

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63
Q

Battle of Coral Sea

A

A battle between Japanese and American naval forces that stopped the

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64
Q

Battle of Midway Island

A

A naval and air battle fought in World War II in which planes from

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65
Q

Guadalcanal

A

first U.S. land victory over the Japanese, 1943

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66
Q

Island Hopping

A

A military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively

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67
Q

Battle of the Bulge

A

December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied

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68
Q

V-E Day

A

May 8, 1945; victory in Europe Day when the Germans surrendered

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69
Q

Hiroshima

A

City in Japan, the first to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, on August 6, 1945.

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70
Q

Nagasaki

A

Japanese city in which the second atomic bomb was dropped (August 9, 1945).

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71
Q

V-J Day

A

“Victory over Japan day” is the celebration of the Surrender of Japan, which was

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72
Q

Nonaggression Pact

A

An agreement in which nations promise not to attack one another

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73
Q

Atlantic Charter

A

1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister

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74
Q

Winston Churchill

A

A noted British statesman who led Britain throughout most of World War II

75
Q

Douglas MacArthur

A

American general, who commanded allied troops in the Pacific during

76
Q

Tutsis

A

the main minority group in Rwanda and Burundi

77
Q

Hutus

A

the group that forms the majority in Rwanda and Burundi

78
Q

Sputnik

A

First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked

79
Q

Proxy War

A

A war instigated by a major power that does not itself participate

80
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the

81
Q

Berlin Wall

A

A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep

82
Q

Korean War

A

The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea.

83
Q

Vietnam War

A

A prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam

84
Q

Domino Theory

A

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then

85
Q

Bay of Pigs

A

In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S.

86
Q

Cuban Missile Crisis

A

The 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet

87
Q

Contra War

A

The contras is a label given to the various U.S.-backed and funded right-wing

88
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This

89
Q

Communist Bloc

A

The group of Eastern European nations that fell under the control of the

90
Q

Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)

A

Members were the U.S., Great Britain, Turkey, Iran

91
Q

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

A

An international treaty, signed in 1968, that aims to prevent

92
Q

Antinuclear Weapons Movement

A

consists of more than 80 anti-nuclear groups that oppose

93
Q

Lyndon Johnson

A

1963-1969, Democrat , signed the civil rights act of 1964 into law and the

94
Q

John F. Kennedy

A

President of the US during the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban

95
Q

Nikita Khrushchev

A

A Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Also famous for

96
Q

commune

A

a body of people or families living together and sharing everything

97
Q

Great Leap Forward

A

Started by Mao Zedong, combined collective farms into People’s

98
Q

Cultural Revolution

A

Campaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist

99
Q

Red Guards

A

the Radical youth of the Cultural Revolution in China starting in 1966. Often wore

100
Q

White Revolution

A

The term used by the shah to describe reforms in Iran between the end of

101
Q

Muhammad Reza Pahlavi

A

(1919-1980), Dictator ruler of Iran from 1941 to 1979. He was

102
Q

Kwame Nkrumah

A

founder of Ghana’s independence movement and Ghana’s first priesident

103
Q

Charles de Gaulle

A

French general and statesman who became very popular during World

104
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

Communist leader of North Vietnam

105
Q

Gamal Abdel Nasser

A

He led the coup which toppled the monarchy of King Farouk and started a

106
Q

one-party state

A

a political system in which one party controls the government and actively

107
Q

Algerian War for Independence

A

Began in 1954 with Algerians campaigning for

108
Q

Suez Crisis

A

July 26, 1956, Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal, Oct. 29,

109
Q

Biafran Civil War

A

Tried to create Republic of Biafra in Nigeria due to an ethnic problem,

110
Q

Quiet Revolution

A

A period of rapid change experienced in Québec from 1960 to 1966.

111
Q

Muslim League

A

an organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India’s Muslims,

112
Q

Organization of African Unity (OAU)

A

An organization started in 1963 by thirty-two newly

113
Q

Viet Cong (VC)

A

This was the name of the members of the communist guerrilla movement

114
Q

Six Day War

A

(1967) Short conflict between Egypt and her allies against Israel won by Israel;

115
Q

Yom Kippur War

A

Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in October 1973 (on Yom Kippur)

116
Q

Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)

A

This organization formed in 1964 with the purpose

117
Q

Kashmir

A

A region of northern India and Pakistan over which several destructive wars have

118
Q

Indira Gandhi

A

Daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first prime minister. She was also prime

119
Q

Benazir Bhutto

A

Bhutto’s daughter who served as Prime Minister until 1996; assassinated

120
Q

Metropole

A

the dominant part of an empire, distinguished from the subordinate colonies,

121
Q

Alexander Dubcek

A

Communist Party Secretary of Czechoslovakia; loosens strict rules;

122
Q

Brezhnev Doctrine

A

Soviet Union and its allies had the right to intervene in any socialist

123
Q

Irish Republican Army (IRA)

A

a militant organization of Irish nationalists who used terrorism and

124
Q

Basque Homeland and Freedom (ETA)

A

A revolutionary group of northern Spain who used

125
Q

Shining Path

A

a terrorist group formed in Peru in the late 1960s as a splinter group from the

126
Q

Nelson Mandela

A

First black president of South Africa

127
Q

Detente

A

A policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the United States

128
Q

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)

A

series of meetings in the 70s, in which leaders of

129
Q

perestrolka

A

the restructuring of the economy and the government instituted in the Soviet

130
Q

glasnost

A

a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems

131
Q

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty

A

Arms limitation agreement settled by Ronald

132
Q

Jackson State University

A

10 days after Kent State shooting, this black school in Mississippi

133
Q

Ronald Reagan

A

1981-1989,”Great Communicator” Republican, conservative economic

134
Q

Mikhail Gorbachev

A

Head of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His liberalization effort

135
Q

Green Revolution

A

Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield

136
Q

genetic engineering

A

Process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms

137
Q

shipping containers

A

large metal boxes used to store goods on ships; can be easily removed

138
Q

antibiotic

A

a medicine used to save lives because it destroys harmful bacteria and cures

139
Q

birth control

A

Any method used to reduce births, including celibacy, delayed marriage,

140
Q

fertility rates

A

Average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years

141
Q

vaccine

A

A harmless variant or derivative of a pathogen that stimulates a host’s immune

142
Q

Pandemic

A

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high

143
Q

Malaria

A

A disease caused by mosquitoes implanting parasites in the blood.

144
Q

Tuberculosis

A

An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body, especially the

145
Q

Cholera

A

an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food

146
Q

Jonas Salk

A

Developed the polio vaccine in 1952

147
Q

Albert Sabin

A

Developed an even better, oral vaccine for polio and used it to allow for the

148
Q

Polio

A

A highly contagious infectious disease of the spinal cord caused by a filterable virus.

149
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

150
Q

Ebola

A

A contagious viral disease originating in Africa. It is transmitted by blood and body fluids

151
Q

heart disease

A

An abnormal organic condition of the heart or of circulation.

152
Q

Alzheimer ‘s disease

A

an irreversible, progressive brain disorder, characterized by the

153
Q

artificial heart

A

a pump designed to fit into the human chest cavity and perform the heart’s

154
Q

heart transplant

A

the surgical replacement of a diseased heart with a healthy one

155
Q

Green Party

A

A minor party dedicated to the environment, social justice, nonviolence, and the

156
Q

deforestation

A

the destruction of forest land

157
Q

greenhouse gases

A

Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor, and

158
Q

fossil fuels

A

coal, oil, natural gas, petroleum

159
Q

renewable energy

A

A resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted

160
Q

global warming

A

An increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere

161
Q

carbon footprint

A

the total carbon dioxide emissions produced by an individual, group, or

162
Q

Asian Tigers

A

Collective name for South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore-nations

163
Q

Maquiladora

A

Factories built by US companies in Mexico near the US border to take advantage

164
Q

Mercosur

A

Pact among Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay to establish a free trade

165
Q

Negritude

A

Literary movement in Africa; attempted to combat racial stereotypes of African

166
Q

Pope Francis

A

He is the current Bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church

167
Q

Dalits

A

Members of India’s “lowest” caste; literally, “broken people.” Also called “Untouchables.”

168
Q

Online Commerce

A

The buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds

169
Q

Rana Plaza factory

A

Factory in Bangladesh that collapsed killing thousands of women and

170
Q

Ecotourism

A

the practice and business of recreational travel based on concern for the

171
Q

fair trade

A

Alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker

172
Q

sustainable development

A

Development that meets the needs of the present without

173
Q

Brexit

A

The British Exit from the European Union

174
Q

Uighurs

A

a group of Muslim, Turkic speaking people from central Asia

175
Q

World Bank

A

A specialized agency of the United Nations that makes loans to countries for

176
Q

International Monetary Foundation

A

Regulates worldwide commerce

177
Q

World Food Program (WFP)

A

Provides direct food aid and food for work interventions during

178
Q

UNESCO

A

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization; designates

179
Q

Caste reservation system

A

the government guaranteed that a certain percentage of

180
Q

Manal al-Sharif

A

women’s rights activist

181
Q

International Peace Bureau

A

Non-governmental global network of organizations and countries

182
Q

Institutional Revolutionary Party-(PRI)

A

the political party introduced in 1929 in Mexico that helped to introduce democracy and maintain political stability for much of the 20th century

183
Q

Turkification

A

A process of cultural change designed to make all citizens of the empire feel a part of a common Turkish heritage and society

184
Q
A

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