Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro shelf > Whaba notes 2 > Flashcards

Whaba notes 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Why can someone with MG p/w cholinergic crisis?

A

They’re on anti-AchEs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Presenting features of a cholinergic crisis in MG?

A 
Increased salivation
Increased lacrimatin
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Sweating 
Pupillary constriction
Fasiculation
Worsening weakness (in extreme cases)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 major features of Wernicke syndrome?

A 
Acute global confusional state
Abnormal eye movements
Ataxic gait (mostly truncal)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Timeline of Wernicke synd?

A

Evolves over days-wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

5 major cognitive features of Wernicke syndrome?

A 
Inattentiveness
Indifference
Decreased spontaneous speech
Impaired memory
Lethargy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Serious complication of wernicke synd?

A

Progression to coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 major ANS signs a/w Wernicke synd?

A

Tachycardia, orthostatic hypoTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Loss of pupillary reactivity common or uncommon w/ Wernicke syndrome?

A

Uncommon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the basics of Korsakoff syndrome

A

Chronic amnestic disorder, anterograde and retrograde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 3 important cognitive features preserved in Korsakoff?

A

Alertness
Attentiveness
Behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which responds to tx- Wernicke or Korsakoff?

A

Wernicke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Underlying etiology of W-K syndrome?

A

Thiamine deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name 3 things other than alcoholism that can lead to W-K syndrome

A

Chronic hemodialysis
Drugs for obesity
HyperTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

3 features of tx of W-K synd?

A

Thiamine 50-100 mg daily
MVI
Bed rest (2/2 ANS sx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, you’ll see lesions in which 4 areas?

A

Medial thalamus
Hypothalamus
PAG of MB
Mammillary bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the 5 features essential to Dx of botulism

A
  1. Hx ingestion home-canned foods or honey (infants)
  2. Rapid onset of ocular symptoms (diplopia, ptosis, blurry vision)
  3. Bulbar sx (dysarthria, dysphagia)
  4. Descending pattern of weakness
  5. Dilated pupils (no psNS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe pathophys of botulism poisoning

A

Ingest toxin–> blood
Toxin irreversible binds to presynaptis nerve endings of PNS and CNS–> internalization of toxin–> blocks Ach release by cleaving polypeptides essential for docking of vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In food borne botulism, what do you ingest that causes Sx?

A

Preformed toxin

19
Q

Describe Sx of food-borne botulism

A 
N/V/D w/in 2-26 hr of ingestion
Constipation (once neuro sx present)
Early neuro: oculobulbar Sx
Respiratory weakness
Unreactive pupils
Areflexia
20
Q

Describe the oculobulbar Sx of botulism (6)

A 
Dry mouth
Blurry vision
Diplopia
Dysarthria
Dysphagia
Dysphonia
21
Q

3 general (non-neuro) s/s of infantile botulism

A

Constipation (early in dz course)
Weak cry
Poor feeding

22
Q

As infantile botulism progresses, what Sx appear following constipation/weak cry/poor feeding? (5)

A 
Progressive weakness
Poor suck
Loss of head control
Hypotonia
Decreased movement
23
Q

3 ANS features of infantile botulism?

A

HypoTN
Tachycardia
Dry mouth

24
Q

For diagnosis of botulism, what can you test for in blood? Stool?

A

Blood: Toxin
Stool: Toxin and C. botulinium

25
Q

What do you see on electrodiagnostic testing in botulism?

A

Small CMAP in response to supramaximal stimulus

26
Q

Botulism can present very similarly to MG. However, which one has much blurrier vision?

A

Botulism

27
Q

What may you need to do to control respiratory weakness in botulism?

A

Intubate

28
Q

Beside supportive care, what are 2 drugs you can give in botulism?

A

Trivalent botulinium antitoxin

Guanidine HCl

29
Q

Trivalent botulinium antitoxin: when should you give it, what are its benefits, and what’s its major ADE?

A

Must give early while toxin is still in blood
It decreases severity of disease and overall mortality
Anaphylaxis

30
Q

What is the role of anti-Ach drugs in botulism?

A

Controversial

31
Q

What is a literal paraphasia?

A

Substitution of one letter for another (wife vs wafe)

32
Q

What is a semantic paraphasia?

A

Substitution of one word for another (wife vs mom)

33
Q

What type of aphasia is caused by a lesion of the arcuate faciculus of the supramarginal gyrus?

A

Conduction aphasia

34
Q

Describe fluency, comprehension, and repetition in conduction aphasia

A

Fluent (w/ paraphesias)
Good comprehension
Loss of repetition

35
Q

Conduction aphasia: how are writing, naming, and reading? How common is hemiparesis?

A

Writing- poor
Naming and reading- variable
Hemiparesis- infrequent

36
Q

What sort of repetitions can you see in conduction aphasia?

A

Repetitions of substitutions

37
Q

For Wernicke’s aphasia, name the:

  • Broadmann’s area:
  • Location in the brain:
  • Arterial supply
A
  • BA 22
  • Posterior superior temporal lobe on dominant (left) side
  • Posterior division of MCA
38
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia: describe fluency, comprehension, naming, repetition, writing, reading, frequency of hemiparesis

A

Fluent, paraphesic
Poor: comprehension, naming, repetition, writing
Variable reading
Infrequent hemiparesis

39
Q

Do you see repetitions of substitutions in Wernickes or Broca’s aphasia?

A

Wernickes

40
Q

Broca’s aphasia, name the:

  • Broadmann’s area:
  • Location in the brain:
  • Arterial supply
A
  • BA 44
  • Inferior frontal gyrus
  • Anterior division of MCA on dominant (left) side
41
Q

Describe speech in Broca’s aphasia

A

Initially mute, then will start saying short sentences

42
Q

Under what circumstances can people with Broca’s aphasia read?

A

If they avoid the hemianopic part of their vision

43
Q

Broca’s aphasia: describe fluency, comprehension, naming, repetition, writing, reading, grammar, and frequency of hemiparesis

A 
Nonfluent
Intact comprehension
Poor naming, repetition, writing
Variable reading
Disordered grammar
Hemiparesis common

Neuro shelf (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions