WH Midterm 1 Flashcards
This sun god was at the center of Incan cosmology, and the emperor was believed to be his son.
Inti
Mansa Musa made a famous pilgrimage to
Mecca
Where was the Mughal Empire established?
South Asia
Which region was not ruled by the Ottoman Empire?
Italy
Which region was not a part of the Indian Ocean trading system?
The Americans
What was the primary commodity that brought wealth to Great Zimbabwe?
Gold
Which Mongol leader conquered China?
Kublai Khan
Who was Babur?
The founder of the Mughal Empire
This ethnic group founded the Ottoman Empire.
Turks
What was the unique challenge of the Mughal Empire?
Most of its citizens were Hindus, while rulers were not
In Europe, the introduction of this from Asia altered the ways in which wars were fought.
Gunpowder
Which people did Genghis Khan unite?
Mongols
Which empire built a system of roads and bridges across its territory to improve trade, movement, and communication?
Inca
The Mali Empire was a major state in this area of Africa.
West
Which city was the dominant European trading power in the Mediterranean Sea?
Venice
Great Zimbabwe was located in the southern area of which continent?
Africa
Protestant leader John Calvin was associated with
his role in creating the Reformed Church and his ideas about God’s sovereignty and predestination.
Francesco Petrarch is considered to be the Father of
Humanism
What event motivated Martin Luther to make his beliefs public for the first time?
The selling of indulgences in the city of Wittenburg
Which ruler of Japan finally brought peace to the country?
Tokugawa leyasu
Who was Zheng He?
An imperial eunuch who was put in charge of Chinese voyages into the Indian Ocean.
Why was a daughter valued less in Chinese society than a son?
A daughter would join her husband’s family when she married, while a son would stay and care for elderly parents.
This dynasty brought Taiwan under Chinese control for the first time.
Qing
Which of the following was an accomplishment of Abbas the Great?
He reformed and restricted and restructured the military of the Safavid Empire.
Which statement best describes Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty?
He was a successful military leader who put down rebellions and conquered territory.
What was the most significant change in art during the Renaissance?
Artists tended to focus on the beauty of the human body.
Which Italian city is considered to be the birthplace of the Renaissance?
Florence
In which Islamic empire did the Grand Vizier play a central role?
Ottoman
What led to the decline of Tokugawa Japan?
Poor economy
What is humanism?
A cultural and educational program based on the study of the classics and the inherent dignity of mankind.
Which statement best describes China’s involvement in the Indian Ocean?
China had a massive fleet which traded in the Indian Ocean region.
Which of the following was not an accomplishment of Suleiman the Magnificent?
He conquered Jerusalem and moved the Ottoman capital there
What was the Closing of Japan?
A policy of self-imposed isolation in Japan.
Which policy of Aurangzeb helped bring about the end of the Mughal Empire?
persecution of non-Muslims
During their voyages of exploration, the Portuguese reached all of the following except
Australia
Who was the first European to travel from Africa to India by sea?
Vasco da Gama
During the seventeenth century, which group of Europeans were the greatest traders?
Dutch
Why did the Aztecs not attempt to stop the Spaniards as they advanced on Tenochtitlan?
They did not understand the nature of the Spanish threat
The largest French settlement in North America was
Quebec
Which of the following statements is not correct?
As Muslims, Arabs were strongly opposed to slavery and did not engage in it at all.
The Taj Mahal was constructed by the Mughals in
India
Which of the following countries was not involved in overseas expansion during the Age of Exploration?
Germany
Who was Francisco Pizarro?
A Spanish conquistador responsible for the conquest of the Inca.
In Russia, how were the Time of Troubles brought to an end?
The nobility elected the Romanov Dynasty to rule.
English colonies in North America included all of the following except
Quebec
Which policy of Peter the Great was central to his rule?
Westernization
Who was Hernán Cortés?
A Spanish conquistador responsible for the conquest of the Aztecs.
Under Peter the Great, this city became the new capital of the Russian Empire.
St. Petersburg
Who was responsible for organizing the first Portuguese expeditions along the western coast of Africa?
Prince Henry the Navigator
The Triangular Trade included all of the following regions except
Asia
All of the following had territorial claims in the Caribbean except
Russia
The Viceroyalty of New Spain included the modern nations of
Cuba and Mexico
What was the Middle Passage?
The section of the Triangular Trade between Africa and the Americas
What were the two main reasons English settlers came to North America?
Economic gain and religion
New France included all of the following except
Georgia
The last English colony established along the east coast of North America was
Georgia
Which statement best describes the Portuguese involvement in Indian Ocean trade?
The Portuguese used their advanced ships and weapons to begin conquering areas, and forced local peoples into unfair trade agreements.
How did Europeans originally acquire Africans as slaves?
They traded for them
What was the first successful English colony in North America?
Jamestown
Under Abbas I, the Safavid Empire become a powerful state centered in
Persia
Which of the following was the main reason for the decline of the Ottoman Empire?
The end of the empire’s territorial expansion
Which region did the Qing Dynasty not conquer?
Japan
During the Ming Dynasty, Chinese fleets visited all of the following except
Japan
Which of the following was not a way that Akbar tried to overcome religious divisions between Muslims and Hindus in the Mughal Empire?
He required Muslim families to raise one of their sons as Hindu
The Safavid Empire existed in Persia, which is this modern nation today.
Iran
What was the result of missionary efforts in Japan?
Hundreds of thousands of Japanese converted to Christianity.
Which ruler of Japan tried unsuccessfully to invade and conquer Korea?
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
For which two publications is Desiderius Erasmus most well-known?
A translation of the New Testament and The Praise of Folly.
An expedition from which nation was the first to open Japan to foreign trade in the 1850s?
United States
Which term refers to a Japanese supreme military leader?
Shogun
Which of the following was not a reason that the development of Chinese technology slowed during the Ming Dynasty?
The end of overseas trade
Francis Xavier led the effort to bring Christianity to
Japan
During the Thirty Years’ War, France
worked militarily with Protestants such as German Protestant states and Sweden against the Habsburgs, despite the fact that both the king of France and the Habsburgs were both Catholics.
Which of the following was correct about the Habsburgs?
The Habsburgs controlled both Spain and Austria.
During the Renaissance, whose work best embodied Secularism?
Baldassare Castiglione
What two features defined the Aztec Empire?
Military power and fanatical devotion to the gods.
Which two groups fought in the Reconquista ?
Christians and Muslims
Who was Safi-ad-Din?
An Islamic Sufi who laid the foundations for the establishment of the Safavid Empire
Which Incan ruler began the expansion of the Inca Empire outside of the Cuzco Valley?
Pachacuti
Which two cultures blended together along the Swahili coast?
African and Islamic
Which ruling class did the Ottomans use to govern their empire?
Slave aristocracy
Which European explorer was the first to sail around (circumnavigate) the world?
Ferdinand Magellan
Which territory was claimed by Portugal?
Brazil
Which empire came to be known as the “Sick Man of Europe”?
Ottoman
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
A treaty that divided territory outside of Europe between Portugal and Spain.
In which African state did the Portuguese succeed at converting the local population to Christianity?
Kingdom of Kongo
What is secularism?
A focus on the material world rather than on the eternal world of spirits.
The Ming Dynasty was the last in China to be ruled by this ethnic group.
Han
Which two countries fought in the Hundred Years’ War?
England and France
The leaders of which Russian city organized resistance to the Mongols?
Minsk
During the Yuan Dynasty, who ruled China?
Mongols
What was the Maratha Confederacy?
a Hindu nationalistic movement
Who was the first European to travel from Africa to India by sea?
Vasco da Gama
What was the focus of Christian Humanism?
To combine the classic learning of the Greeks and Romans with the ideals of Christianity.
What position was at the head of the Ottoman Empire?
Sultan
During the Ming Dynasty, the Chinese were distrustful of foreigners. What is this called?
Xenophobia
What was the major difference in the perspective of the Northern Renaissance as compared to its Italian counterpart?
The Northern Renaissance was much more concerned with religion
What happened to Turkic chiefs and warriors in the Safavid Empire?
They were transformed into a class of nobles who helped govern the land.
Who was Mehmed II, also known as Mehmed the Conqueror?
An Ottoman ruler who conquered Constantinople.
How was the local response to the Portuguese arrival different in West Africa than in East Africa?
Countries in West Africa willingly entered trade with the Portuguese, while countries in East Africa tried to distance themselves from the Portuguese.
