WGL Flashcards
Your line marks must be atleast?
Within 2’ on either side of the line your marking
We use what items to mark ?
Paint, Stakes and Flags or a Combination of them
What is the most important reason for on time pipe locating?
Public Safety
Reasons for locating
Damage Prevention, Long range planning, Maintenance, Map Verification & updating, and Planning for expansion or replacement
Before you locate you must perform a ?
Site Survey
Commons ways to locate are?
Maps, Electronic Locators, Hand Digging an Visual Inspection
Pipeline markers must have what info?
Name of the Operator and Number they can be reached 24 hours a Day
Pipelines with a Black Ban are considered
Offsets
Pipeline markers are set by
Line of site
Instead of 8khz you would instead use
Lowest workable frequency
Electric current follows what type of path
The path of least resistance
3 ways we locate
Conductive(Direct Connect)
Close Induction(Ring Clamp)
Induction(Indirect method or Drop Box)
Frequency Means?
How often something happens over a fixed period of time
Electricity uses what type of current
Ac or Alternating current
Low frequency range
100hz - 1Khz
Medium frequency range
8khz - 33khz
High frequency range
65khz and up
for Maximum response
Peak Mode
Minimum response
Null Mode
Maximum efficiency is achieved when?
The Transmitter and receiver are vertical and parallel to the buried pipe
The trace method is also known as
Active locating
The search method is also known as
Passive locating
The depth determination method is also called
Triangulation method (45 degree angle)
Dead end branch or Stub Ends sometimes called
Dead end cap
Riser valve alternative name
Insulated shutoff valve
The signal indicated by the locators receiver is and electric current generated from a magnetic field to the
Antenna made of copper coils
Attenuation is
Signal Loss
Bleed off or Bleed over
Coupling
Dry, Sandy, Loosely packed soil is
Will not conduct well
Damp(Moist), Closely packed soil is
Perfect for locating and will conduct well
Extremely damp or wet soil
Will conduct to well and will spread into the large ground bed
This occurs when the signal resonates between two conductors and causes a false reading
Ghost Signal
A mode of operating the pipe locator that ensure the signal does not jump to the other conductor is
Conductive Mode or Direct Connect
In high traffic ares we use what to mark
Flags or Paint Dots(Spot Marking)
Your marks must not exceed ___ Ft between them
20 Feet
Your marks should be
8” to 10” Long
1” to 2” Wide
You must make a minimum of ___ marks for each utility
3 marks per utility
WG considered High profile pipes to be
12” and above
True or False
Markings of an underground pipeline greater than 12” in nominal outside dimension shall include the size in inches at every other mark
True
Abandon line response time is
27 Hours
How many hours to do a mark
48 Hours
A ticket is valid for?
15 days starting 7am the following Morning
Service regulator vents and relief vents must be
Rain and Insect resistant
And must be vented to the outside atmosphere
Your depths are ?
12” on private property
18” on streets and roads
30” for transmission line in normal soil
18” in consolidated rock
Mobile homes must have
adequate support or commonly a rigid 4x4 Post
Aoc’s to Consider are
SoS - Structure over Service
Exposed yellow piping
Missing plugs or Caps
The regulator vent or vent outlet must be at least ____ Ft horizontally away from any powered intake vents
10 Feet
A tape measure in the picture usually means
That the object is too close to and opening or source
On shore meter inspection must be done
Every 3 years never to exceed 39 months
Vehicle safety posts or protection posts must be
No more than 4’ apart
At least 3’ tall
No closer than 12” to the meter
No more than 3’ away
Aoc’s that require documentation and notifications
Unplanned buried facility Meters installed in unventilated areas Stress or Damage on Customer own piping Corroded customer piping Tree stress and facility damage Insulated shutoff valve not fully open
Fusion bonded epoxy is applied
Electrostatically
When use see a flap of plastic damage it is considered a?
Gouge
When you see a mercury vapor meter do what?
Call your supervisor or appropriate company personnel
Pitting an Dents commonly occur on what type of pipe
Bare Steel
Coating defects and Dents commonly occur on any?
Coated Steel
Gouges, nicks and scratches
Plastic
The farther you get from your transmitter your signal should do what?
Decrease
When a signal target jumps to an adjacent line without a direct connect, it is known as?
Bleed over or Bleed off
An operator must respond to an emergency ticket in how many hours?
3 Hours
Which would be the best conductor for a buried pipe or cable?
Coated tracer wire
Cathodic protection test stations are often associated with this type of main?
Wrapped Steel Main
Which signal would travel the furthest?
8khz
33khz
480khz
64khz
Which signal would travel the shortest distance?
1hz
65khz
480khz
8khz
You should look for ___ during visual pipe inspection?
Leaks, Gouges an Pipe deformations
When looking at exposed pipe you should document what 3 things?
Pipe Size, Pipe Type and Pipe Coating
What are metal answers
Coating defects, Weld defects an Mechanical damage
When checking PL lines you should be aware of what 5 things?
Scratches, Nicks, Gouges, Punctures and Incomplete fusion joints
Inspect bare steel for?
Pitting and Dents
Inspect coated steel for?
Coating defects and Dents
Coupling is?
When signal attach to lines in which they were not originally applied
The signal on a conductor radiates in what type of circles?
Concentric circles
A typical gas meter consists of what 7 parts?
Regulator Regulator Vent Insulated shutoff valve Meter Swivel nut union meter bar
Atmospheric corrosion is also called
Rust
Abnormal meter operation/ Conditions may include
Unusual meter sound(meter is operating abnormally)
Rapid dial movements(Gas flow is rapid)
Major leak downstream
Causes for immediate communication or action on meters
Regulator vent is discharging inside the home
Rapid meter dial movement
Insulated shutoff valve is 75% closed
Vent is blocked
Leaking customer pipes
any aoc that results in a hazardous condition
If a line was found to be abandoned, what must the operator do?
Record the location of the abandoned line in the company prints
Small diameter pipes works best with?
Low frequencies because the size allows the signal to flow with less signal loss
Large diameter pipes have greater surface contact with the soil therefore?
Increasing signal loss to the signal
An operator or contractor must respond to an emergency locate requests within?
3 hours of the excavator contacting the one call center
High frequencies may and are?
More likely to bleed over More likely to cause signal distortion Don't travel very far Can be easy to find May be able to overcome ever signal resistance
A Circuit is completed when?
There is a return path to ground
Sources of ignition in the home
Doorbell
Pilot Lights
Light switches
Static Electricity
Back fill must be free of what?
All Debris and rocks
Chipped paint is considered a?
Coating defect
Purple
Slurry lines
Irrigation
Reclaimed Water
Red
Electric
Blue
Water
Yellow
Gas
Green
Sewage
White
Proposed excavation
Pink
Temporary survey marks
Orange
Tele Communications
What do you do in the case of a Gas leak
Evacuate , Eliminate the source of ignition , Ventilate
Passive means
The current is already present
Active Locating means
We apply the signal
PL
Plastic
W/STL
Wrapped Steel
Mobile homes more commonly use Flexible piping and therefore the meter must be
Adequately support by a rigid post
What affects your signal
Everything
Acceptable connection locations are
Valves, pipes, tracer wire, test pipes, inlet side of gas meter test station
Where can you find out more about miss utility
The excavators manual
Miss utility Number
811
The ability for current or charge to jump across an insulating barrier, like the jacket of an electric cable is known as?
Capacitance
What is the best way to determine if you are receiving a ghost signal
Move the receiver towards the signal and it should disappear
The area adjacent to a broken line with escaping gas is known as
The Hot Zone
4 types of pipes most commonly seen are?
Cast iron, coated steel, bare steel and plastic
A pipe with a bell joint is
Cast Iron
When signal attaches to lines to which they were not originally applied is known as?
Coupling
The lower the frequency
The further the signal carries
Liquid epoxy is applied by
Spraying
What should you do with disbonded coating
Remove and Clean(recoat)
form of documentation
Who, What, When, Where and Why
The Manifest(Ticket) must have
Locators name
Lines in consolidated rock must be
18”
Cold applied tape
Wrapped Steel
which antenna gives null response
vertical
which antenna gives peak response
horizontal
What gives depth
2 horizontal antenna
Bonded devices are required in all situations where there may be a source of ignition such as
static electricity
an induced electrical charge
a ground fault
Exposed plastic piping considered
An Aoc and you must document
Sources of ignition on jobs sites include
Open flames, generators, power tools, motor vehicles
Meters and Regulator vents must be a minimum of ____
3 Feet from sources ignition and building openings
If a meter is indoors it must be
3 Ft away ignition sources and ventilated to the outside
Whats size fire extinguisher ?
20lb
True or False
The venting of gas may be required for some escaping gas situations to reduce mainline pressure
True
True or False
Keep hands an work tools away from the openings of pipe where gas is escaping to avoid static electricity discharge from the pipe surface
True
All battery operated equipment can be considered as intrinsically safe and should not be considered as a potential source of ignition
False
Frequency is measured in
Hertz
