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WFR test Flashcards

1
Q

Wilderness

A

More than 1hr from definitive care (hospital)

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2
Q

Good Samaritan Laws

A

As long as you meet these criteria, covered by GSL:
No Duty to Act
Operating in Good Faith
Working within Scope of Practice
Obtain Consent

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3
Q

Libel

A

Written defamation

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4
Q

Slander

A

Spoken defamation

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5
Q

Scene Size up 1-5

A
  1. I’m #1, is the scene safe
  2. What happened to you, MOI/NOI
  3. PPE, don’t get on Me
  4. Are there any more? Patients/resources
  5. Dead or alive, big sick or lil sick
  6. Can I fix? CONSENT
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6
Q

Primary Assessment

A

After CONSENT
X - Bleeds, quick
A - Airway: talking, anything in mouth?
B - Breathing: any troubles breathing? Feel breath
C - Circulation: quick pulse check, SCTM
D - Da spine, Da Brain, decision on C-spine & med/trauma. Check LOC.
E - Evac, Environment, Expose

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7
Q

MOI

A

Mechanism of Injury

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8
Q

NOI

A

Nature of Illness

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9
Q

Secondary Exam - Physical

A

Head to toe palpate:

Head/Neck:
Inspect nose, mouth, ears (bleeding, CSF, battle signs)
Palp scalp and face
Palp cerv spine
Expose neck for tracheal deviation

Chest:
Palp and listen to chest

Abdomen:
Inspect ab
Palp Ab in 4 quads

Ask if any genital issues

Legs/arms:
Palp
Check CSMs (have them push/squeeze, feel for pulse, check cap refill)

Back
Palp spine
Palp Flank

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10
Q

SAMPLE

A

Med History:
Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications/drugs/herbs/vits
Past pertinent history
Last Ins/Outs
Events leading up (repeat story if heard)

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11
Q

OPQRST

A

Onset
Provokes/makes worse/better
Quality
Radiate
Severity
Time

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12
Q

Post assessment

A

Recheck vitals
Recheck interventions
Radio Report

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13
Q

Recheck vitals every…

A

5 min for critical patient
15 min for non-critical

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14
Q

Short report (Radio)

A

This is Laura H. with the mountaineers at X location.
With an x age x gender patient.
Chief complaint of X.
A&O x
MOI/NOI is
Vitals are stable/unstable, trending X.
Medical history of X (related).
Treatments provided X.
Plan X.

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15
Q

HR (adult)

A

60-100 bpm

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16
Q

RR (adult)

A

12-20 bpm

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17
Q

LOC

A

A&Ox

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18
Q

A&Os

A

Name
Where are you
What time is it
What happened

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19
Q

AVPU

A

Alert & Oriented x 1-4
Verbally responsive
Pain response
Unresponsive

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20
Q

BP

A

120/80 mm/hg

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21
Q

Pupils

A

PERRLA

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22
Q

PERLLA

A

Pupils are
Equal
Round
Reactive to
Light
Accomodating

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23
Q

SCTM

A

Skin Color Temp Moisture
Pink, Dry, Warm

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24
Q

Temp

A

98.6F

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25
Q

Systolic

A

Max pressure of blood against arterial walls as left ventricle contracts to pump blood out

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26
Q

Diastolic

A

Min pressure when left ventricle relaxes and refills with blood

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27
Q

Oxygen

A

SpO2 = 95-100% (can be false positive with CO poisoning)

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28
Q

Lung Sounds

A

Check bilaterally

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29
Q

CSM

A

Circulation
Sensation
Motion

Squeeze fingers, cap refill, pulse

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30
Q

Perfusion

A

Passage of blood/fluid thru vessels/lymph system

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31
Q

What medications can WFRs administer?

A

Oxygen
Epinephrine

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32
Q

Most common throat obstruction

A

Tounge

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33
Q

NPA

A

Nasopharyngeal airway
Aids respiration
Size from nare to tip of ear
Insert bevel toward septum

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34
Q

OPA

A

Oropharyngeal airway
Insert upside down and rotate 180

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35
Q

BVM

A

Bag Valve Mask

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36
Q

NC

A

Nasal Cannula

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37
Q

Flow rate of Nasal Cannula

A

1-6 LPM

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38
Q

NRB

A

Non-rebreather Mask

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39
Q

Flow rate of NRB

A

15-15 LPM

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40
Q

Sign of airway obstruction

A

Snoring/wheezing respirations

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41
Q

When to start CPR

A

No HR and RR

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42
Q

Rate and ratio of CPR

A

100-120 bpm
30/2

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43
Q

ROSC

A

Return of Spontaneous Circulation

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44
Q

MI

A

Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)

45
Q

Angina

A

Lack of O2 to heart

46
Q

MI vs Angina

A

Angina will go away with rest
MI will not

47
Q

MI vs Cardiac Arrest

A

MI is Muscle problem
Cardiac arrest is Electical problem

48
Q

CPP

A

Coronary Perfusion Pressure

49
Q

SOAP

A

Subjective: name, CC,
Objective: vitals,
Assessment
Plan

50
Q

Shock is

A

Always SECONDARY
hypovolemic = loss of fluid/blood such that there is inadequate perfusion pressure

51
Q

Treatment for Shock

A

Treat underlying problem
O2 at 15 LPM
Keep comfortable: warm
Position of comfort
EVAC

52
Q

First treatment for bleeding

A

Direct Pressure

53
Q

Edema

54
Q

How to apply a tourniquet

A

High and tight
Wider band
Mark time

55
Q

SPINAL

A

Sober
no Pain on Palp
no distracting Injuries
Neurologic
Alert and Oriented x 3/4
Let Go, have them move neck and listen for creptis

56
Q

NEXUS

A

An assessment for whether or not to continue spinal precautions, SPINAL
SECONDARY treatment

57
Q

Epidermis

A

Outer layer of skin

58
Q

Dermis

A

Middle layer of skin

59
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Under skin

60
Q

Contusion

61
Q

Laceration

62
Q

Tx for Puncture

A

Do not pack
Irrigate
Wrap

63
Q

Avulsion

A

Flap of skin

64
Q

Rule of 9s

A

Chest 9
Abs 9
Back 18
Arms 9 each
Legs 18 each
Genitals 1
Head 9

65
Q

Main concern with burns is

A

Hypothermia due to loss of heat control

66
Q

Tx Burn

A

Remove heat source
Remove clothes, jewlery
Apply dry, clean, non adherent dressing

67
Q

Circumfrential burn

A

Auto EVAC
Can become tourniquet

68
Q

Time frame when wounds can develop local infection

A

24-72 hours

69
Q

Tendon

A

Muscle to Bone

70
Q

Ligament

A

Bone 2 Bone

71
Q

Strain

A

Tendon tear

72
Q

Sprain

A

Ligament tear

73
Q

5 qualities of good splint

A

Immobilize the joints/bones above and below the broken bone/joint
Padded
Adjustable
Rigid
CSMs

74
Q

When applying splint check CSMs

A

Before and After

75
Q

What is a contraindication for a KTD (traction device for femur)

A

Tib/fib fracture in same leg

76
Q

Medical Rights

A

Right patient
Right dose
Right time
Right drug
Right route
Right documentation

77
Q

Signs of hyperdiabetes

A

Flushed red skin, fruity breath, high urination

78
Q

HAPE Sx

A

Shortness of breath at rest
Pink frothy mucus
High HR and RR
Bad sleep

79
Q

Cushing’s Triad

A

Low HR
High BP
Irregular RR
Sign of increase in ICP

80
Q

ICP

A

Intercranial pressure

81
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed, pinch and lean FWD

82
Q

Giardia and E.coli

A

Protozoa and bacteria

83
Q

Upper Right Quadrant

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Part of large intestine
Pancreas

84
Q

Upper Left Quadrant

A

Stomach
Spleen
Large intestine

85
Q

Lower Right

A

Appendix
Small intestines

86
Q

Kidneys are in

87
Q

Epinephrine cases

A

Vaso constriction
Bronchial dilation

88
Q

Distal

89
Q

Cease CPR after X minutes in wilderness

90
Q

Angina v MI

A

Angina will go away with rest after 10 min or so

91
Q

Categories of triage

A

Red - Immediate - priority 1
Yellow - Delayed, priority 2
Green - Walking wounded, priority 3
Black/stripes, Expected, priorty 4

92
Q

BEAM lift requires

A

7 people minimum

93
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in chest cavity

94
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in chest cavity

95
Q

Scope is what your X Protocols are what you’re Y

A

X - trained to do
Y - allowed to do

96
Q

What type of dislocations can WFRs reduce in wilderness?

A

Anterior shoulder
Patella
Finger

97
Q

If you had to leave patient, what position would you leave them?

A

Recovery position

98
Q

Sx of infection

A

Fever, redness, swelling, puss

99
Q

A drug contraindication may cause harm or have no effect, T or F

100
Q

FAST =

A

Cincinnati Stroke Scale

101
Q

Anterior

102
Q

Prone

103
Q

Mittelschmerz

A

Pain btwn menstrual cycles when ovary releases egg, sudden sharp, severe, bloody vaginal discharge

104
Q

How far away is lightning?

A

Count the seconds between hearing thunder and seeing lightning, divide by 5 = miles away.

105
Q

Tx Poison Ivy

A

Wash everything with soapy water

106
Q

Tx Snake Bites

A

Make sure scene is safe, WALK away
Sit down
Remove rings and watches
Circle bite location woth sharpie to moniter growth
EVAC

107
Q

In marine emergencies what is the first thing to do

A

Apply vinegar to wound and animal to deactivate

108
Q

Best way to remove a tick

A

Gently pull on base of head with tweezers

WFR test (1 decks)

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