WFR Flashcards
Unusable athletic injuries are treated with:
immobilization and evacuation
Certification as a wilderness medicine provider:
indicates you have completed training
Wilderness medicine is different from urban medicine because wilderness medicine has:
extended patient contact time, environmental challenges and improvised gear
The most common injuries consistently reported on wilderness expeditions are
soft tissue wounds
A patient in compensatory shock:
maintains adequate perfusion with vasoconstriction, increased HR and RR
Compartment syndrome is
pressure in a muscle secondary to an injury
A hypothermic patient
can be treated with a hypothermia wrap
Your tent mate has accidentally swallowed a small amount of white gas. You recommend that she:
call poison control
We guard against an allergic response to a medication by
asking the patient if they have taken a medication previously
Treatment principles for snowblindness include
cool compresses over the eyes
A pneumothorax is
air in the chest
Sunscreens
should be applied several times a day
Rapidly evacuate a patient with a headache if the headache
is sudden, severe or is associated with altered mental status
Urinary tract infections
can be accompanied by fever and blood in the urine
Your 54 year old co-instructor wakes up with chest pain and a sensation of tightness in his chest, shortness of breath, anxiety, nausea and pale cool, clammy skin. Your treatment plan includes
suggesting he take one adult aspirin
Which of the following statements about exercise in hot conditions is false?
over hydration can prevent heat illness
The head-to-toe physical exam
is done on all patients
In the wilderness we can stop CPR if:
the patient’s pulse returns
Abandonment occurs when:
you turn over patient care to a person unable to manage the patient
To effectively make water safe to drink it needs to
be hot enough for a rolling boil
In a hydrated person urine is commonly
light yellow or clear
Recommended treatments for pit viper bites include:
Transporting the victim to the hospital for antivenom.
A patient with a fever that is greater than 102F (39C) or that persists for 48 hours should be
evacuated to definitive care
When we check the pelvis in the head-to-toe exam we
press in on the iliac crests.
Which of the following patients is the best candidate to be given a Focused Spine Assessment performed by a WFR?
A 23 year old female who fell approximately 15 feet onto hard ground, landing on her back, with no midline pain or CSM deficit found during the head to toe exam.
High risk wounds
open a joint space
Gastroenteritis is
an inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract
Open chest wounds should be covered with:
an occlusive dressing taped on all four sides
Common early signs and symptoms of non-freezing cold injury are
numbness, itching or pain.
Oral fluids should not be given to a patient in a wilderness context if
the patient has an altered mental status
Itchy skin, watery eyes, runny nose, puffy eyelids, hives and/or welts on the skin are signs or symptoms of
an allergic response
Hay fever is treated by
antihistamines
An avulsed (knocked-out) tooth
may be saved if re-implanted promptly
Proper wound cleaning includes
irrigation with clean water
Which of the following descriptions of a transient ischemia attack (TIA) are correct?
a TIA is a temporary interruption in the blood supply to a part of the brain.
Which of the following would be an evacuation criteria for an abdominal complaint?
Blood in urine, feces or vomit.
Signs and symptoms of severe hypothermia are
no shivering, inability to walk.
Acclimatization to altitude can be enhanced by
ascending slowly
Which of the following statements on dislocations in a wilderness context is correct?
A WFR is trained to reduce shoulder, jaw, fingers/toe and patella dislocations.
High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE)
can present with ataxia.
You are walking through a pine forest as pollen cascades from the trees and one of your companions develops tightness in his chest and has a history of asthma. Your treatment is:
leave the forest.
One of your clients fell while hiking earlier in the day. You learn this when they ask for aspirin for a headache. You should:
do a complete patient assessment
An important clue that your patient may have hyponatremia is
a history of excessive fluid intake.
An evacuation guideline for a patient with mental health concerns is
the condition is beyond our ability to manage in the field.
Treatment of seizures involves
protecting the patients airway, head and dignity.
Which of the following is a treatment principle for frostbite?
rapid warming in warm water.
A brain injury can cause:
swelling and increased intracranial pressure.
What are the most common vectors for diarrhea and flu-like illness on a wilderness expedition?
our hands.
Hot spots are
already a sign of injury.
You find a patient with a history of insulin dependent diabetes in a remote wilderness camp. The patient is awake but not responding appropriately. He is able to swallow. Your treatment includes
administering oral sugar.
