western front Flashcards
When was the First Battle of Ypres?
October-Nov 1914
When was the Battle on Hill?
April 1915
When was the Second Battle of Ypres?
April 1915
What was one feature of the Second Battle of Ypres?
Chlorine gas was first used.
When was the Third Battle of Ypres?
July-Nov 1917
When was the Battle of the Somme?
July-Nov 1916
What was the Battle of the Somme known for?
The muddiest battle
When was the Battle of Arras?
April-May 1917
Where was the first underground hospital?
Arras
When was the Battle of Cambrai?
November-Dec 1917
When were blood banks first used?
Battle of Cambrai
What was introduced in 1915?
Brodie Helmets that reduced head wounds
Name some features of the underground hospital at Arras?
Very close to the frontline, 700 beds, running water, electricity, operating theatre and a mortuary
Describe the Chain of Evacuation
- Regimental Aid Post
- Dressing Station
- Casuality Clearing Station
- Base Hospitals
Describe the Regimental Aid Post
Was close to the front line, Regimental Medical Officer helped by stretcher bearers, not for serious injuries
Describe Dressing Stations
Field ambulances set up Dressing Stations, a mile back front line, staffed by stretcher bearers, medical officers, orderlies, some nurses from 1915
Describe Casualty Clearing Stations
Larger and more equipped, situation in buildings miles away from front with doctors and nurses, prioritised life threatening injuries
Describe Base Hospitals
Situated near ports, most important place to reduce infection since March 1918, specialised staff
What occurred during the Battle of Cambrai in 1917 relating to blood?
22 units of blood was transported by Oswald Roberston
What was the 1917 Carrel-Dakin method?
Sterilised salt solution moved through wounds in tubes.
What did Lewisohn find in 1915?
Sodium citrate solution stopped blood clotting
When were blood transfusions used?
1915
What was the Thomas Splint?
Used from 1915 to reduce death from broken limbs. Fewer than 20% died when it used to be 80%.
Who discovered X rays?
Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895.
